Yang Minzhe, Fu Qiangpei, Hu Xu, Li Baoming, Ma Chaolin
School of Life Science and Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Brain Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
Brain Sci. 2022 Jun 17;12(6):795. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12060795.
Risky decision-making (RDM) is when individuals make choices based on the definite cognition for the probabilities of the options. Risk is embodied in the certainty of reward, and the smaller the probability is, the greater the risk will be. As simulated in human behavior paradigms, RDM scenarios in real life are often guided by external cues that inform the likelihood of receiving certain rewards. There are few studies on the neural basis of RDM behavior guided by external cues, which is related to the relative paucity of the animal behavioral paradigms. Here, we established a cue-guided RDM task to detect the behavior of rats making a decision between a small certain reward and a large uncertain reward in a naturalistic manner. The reward of the risk option could be adjusted to observe the change of choice. Our results showed that: (1) rats were able to master the operation of the cue-guided RDM task; (2) many rats were inclined to choose risk rather than the safe option when the reward expectations were equal; (3) rats were able to adjust the decision strategy in time upon a change in risk, suggesting that they have the ability to perceive risk indicated by the external cues.
风险决策(RDM)是指个体基于对选项概率的明确认知做出选择。风险体现在奖励的确定性上,概率越小,风险越大。正如在人类行为范式中所模拟的那样,现实生活中的RDM情景通常由外部线索引导,这些线索告知获得特定奖励的可能性。关于由外部线索引导的RDM行为的神经基础的研究很少,这与动物行为范式相对较少有关。在这里,我们建立了一个线索引导的RDM任务,以自然的方式检测大鼠在小的确定性奖励和大的不确定性奖励之间做出决策的行为。可以调整风险选项的奖励以观察选择的变化。我们的结果表明:(1)大鼠能够掌握线索引导的RDM任务的操作;(2)当奖励期望相等时,许多大鼠倾向于选择风险而不是安全选项;(3)大鼠能够在风险变化时及时调整决策策略,表明它们有能力感知外部线索所指示的风险。