Health and Wellness Studies, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
School of Management, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 8;19(12):7001. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127001.
Background: The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of diet quality and physical fitness on saliva cortisol, mood, and mental distress. These relationships were compared between a peak weekday (Wednesday) and a weekend day (Saturday) when mood may fluctuate. Methods: Forty-eight healthy college students participated in the study. Participants completed the Mood and Anxiety Symptom (MASQ) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale 10 questionnaires on Wednesday and Saturday and recorded their diet for three days. Saliva was collected before and after a workout for cortisol extraction. Results: SA had significantly higher saliva cortisol levels post-workout but lower MASQ scores on Saturday (p < 0.05). There was a very significant association between MASQ scores on Wednesday (p = 0.005), which became less significant on Saturday. In addition, lower BMI values and high-fat consumption were associated with higher cortisol levels after exercise (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There is a strong link between dietary factors, cortisol levels, mood, and time of the week. In addition, our results suggest that saliva cortisol levels may not be directly linked to negative affect but are influenced by diet quality when mental distress exists. In addition, physical fitness may play a role in improving mood during weekends.
本研究旨在评估饮食质量和身体健康对唾液皮质醇、情绪和心理困扰的影响。这些关系在情绪可能波动的高峰工作日（星期三）和周末日（星期六）之间进行了比较。
48 名健康大学生参与了这项研究。参与者在星期三和星期六填写了情绪和焦虑症状（MASQ）和凯斯勒心理困扰量表 10 问卷，并记录了三天的饮食情况。运动前后采集唾液以提取皮质醇。
SA 在运动后唾液皮质醇水平显著升高，但星期六 MASQ 评分较低（p < 0.05）。星期三的 MASQ 评分与星期六之间存在非常显著的关联（p = 0.005），但星期六的关联程度较低。此外，较低的 BMI 值和高脂肪摄入与运动后皮质醇水平升高有关（p < 0.05）。
饮食因素、皮质醇水平、情绪和一周中的时间之间存在密切联系。此外，我们的结果表明，唾液皮质醇水平与负面情绪之间可能没有直接联系，但在存在心理困扰时，饮食质量会影响皮质醇水平。此外，身体健康可能在周末改善情绪方面发挥作用。
