Institute of Spatial Management and Socio-Economic Geography, University of Szczecin, 70-453 Szczecin, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 9;19(12):7085. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127085.
The Twenty-Fourth of February 2022 marked the beginning one of the greatest humanitarian crisis in Europe. Within the first six days of the war, the number of Ukrainian refugees exceeded 4 million, which is more than twice the total number of incomers who arrived in Europe during the Syrian migration throughout 2015. Most of them found themselves in Poland; thus, an urgent need for ad hoc humanitarian and systemic aid arose. To cope with the situation, a number of changes to the Polish law were introduced so as to provide help to the refugees (mainly women and children) from Ukraine. To systematise the changes, the authors of the study analysed the legal acts that had been created or amended for the purposes of providing aid to the refugees staying in Poland. The research study has shown that, in the first days following the war's outbreak, the measures of key importance were the grassroot initiatives taken by Polish citizens, but as days went by, systemic aid became indispensable. Moreover, non-standard needs had to be handled due to the fact that the refugees were mainly women and children rather than entire families. In conclusion, the war in Ukraine has shown how important it is to have refugee aid procedures at hand and to have a detailed guidance prepared beforehand.
2022 年 2 月 24 日标志着欧洲最大的人道主义危机之一的开始。战争开始的头六天内，乌克兰难民人数超过 400 万，是 2015 年整个叙利亚移民期间进入欧洲的总人数的两倍多。他们中的大多数人在波兰；因此，迫切需要特别人道主义和系统援助。为了应对这种情况，波兰出台了一些法律修改案，为来自乌克兰的难民（主要是妇女和儿童）提供帮助。为了使这些修改系统化，本研究的作者分析了为了帮助滞留在波兰的难民而制定或修改的法律法案。研究表明，在战争爆发的头几天，最重要的措施是波兰公民采取的基层倡议，但随着时间的推移，系统援助变得不可或缺。此外，由于难民主要是妇女和儿童，而不是整个家庭，因此必须处理非标准需求。总之，乌克兰战争表明，随时准备好难民援助程序以及事先准备详细的指导是多么重要。
