Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100082, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 15;19(12):7342. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127342.
Improving the efficiency of fertilizer usage is important to achieve sustainable agricultural production. As a major agricultural producer, China formally proposed a national fertilizer reduction and efficiency initiative in 2015. Using the double stochastic meta-frontier method to measure the fertilizer use efficiency of 31 provinces in mainland China from 2005 to 2019, this study evaluates the effectiveness of the said initiative on grain production. The results show that China's initiative has achieved some success, with the average value of fertilizer use efficiency in national grain production increasing by 2.53 percentage points. However, the changes in fertilizer use efficiency show regional heterogeneity. Specifically, the fertilizer use efficiency of the main grain-producing and marketing regions has increased significantly, while that of grain-producing-and-marketing-balanced regions has declined. Further investigation shows that this phenomenon may be related to the importance attached by local governments to the initiative and the uneven distribution of related resources.
提高肥料使用效率对于实现可持续农业生产至关重要。作为主要的农业生产国，中国于 2015 年正式提出了国家化肥减量化和增效倡议。本研究采用双随机前沿方法，测算了 2005 年至 2019 年中国内地 31 个省份的肥料使用效率，评估了该倡议对粮食生产的有效性。结果表明，中国的倡议取得了一定成效，全国粮食生产中肥料使用效率的平均值提高了 2.53 个百分点。然而，肥料使用效率的变化呈现出区域异质性。具体而言，主要粮食产销区的肥料使用效率显著提高，而产销平衡区的肥料使用效率则有所下降。进一步的调查表明，这种现象可能与地方政府对倡议的重视程度以及相关资源的分配不均有关。
