Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jun 7;23(12):6373. doi: 10.3390/ijms23126373.
DNA polymerases catalyze DNA synthesis during the replication, repair, and recombination of DNA. Based on phylogenetic analysis and primary protein sequences, DNA polymerases have been categorized into seven families: A, B, C, D, X, Y, and RT. This review presents generalized data on the catalytic mechanism of action of DNA polymerases. The structural features of different DNA polymerase families are described in detail. The discussion highlights the kinetics and conformational dynamics of DNA polymerases from all known polymerase families during DNA synthesis.
DNA 聚合酶在 DNA 的复制、修复和重组过程中催化 DNA 合成。根据系统发育分析和主要蛋白质序列,DNA 聚合酶已被分为七个家族:A、B、C、D、X、Y 和 RT。本文综述了 DNA 聚合酶作用的催化机制的综合数据。详细描述了不同 DNA 聚合酶家族的结构特征。讨论强调了在 DNA 合成过程中所有已知聚合酶家族的 DNA 聚合酶的动力学和构象动力学。