National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jun 11;23(12):6545. doi: 10.3390/ijms23126545.
Bacterial blight (BB) and bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by phytopathogenic bacteria pv. () and pv. (), respectively, are the most serious bacterial diseases of rice, while blast, caused by (. ), is the most devastating fungal disease in rice. Generating broad-spectrum resistance to these diseases is one of the key approaches for the sustainable production of rice. Executor () genes are a unique type of plant resistance () genes, which can specifically trap transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) of pathogens and trigger an intense defense reaction characterized by a hypersensitive response in the host. This strong resistance is a result of programed cell death induced by the gene expression that is only activated upon the binding of a TALE to the effector-binding element (EBE) located in the gene promoter during the pathogen infection. Our previous studies revealed that the gene has the broadest and highest resistance to BB. To investigate whether the -mediated resistance is efficient against pv. (), the causal agent of BLS, we generated a new version of , designated as , to specifically trap the conserved TALEs from multiple strains. The results showed that the confers broad resistance against both BB and BLS in rice. Moreover, our further experiment on the transgenic plants firstly demonstrated that the -gene-mediated defensive reaction is also effective against . , the causal agent of the most devastating fungal disease in rice. Our current work provides a new strategy to exploit the full potential of the -gene-mediated disease resistance in rice.
细菌性条斑病（BB）和细菌性叶枯病（BLS）分别由病原细菌 pv. （）和 pv. （）引起，是水稻最严重的两种细菌性病害，而稻瘟病则由真菌 pv. （）引起，是水稻最具毁灭性的真菌病害之一。产生广谱抗性是水稻可持续生产的关键途径之一。效应子触发因子（Executor）基因是一种独特的植物抗性（R）基因，它可以特异性地捕获病原菌的转录激活子样效应因子（TALEs），并在宿主中引发强烈的防御反应，表现为过敏反应。这种强烈的抗性是由基因表达引起的程序性细胞死亡的结果，只有在病原菌感染过程中，TALE 与位于效应子结合元件（EBE）的基因启动子中的靶基因结合时，基因表达才会被激活。我们之前的研究表明，基因 对 BB 具有最广泛和最高的抗性。为了研究 介导的抗性是否对 BLS 的病原体 pv. （）有效，我们生成了一个新的 版本，命名为 ，专门捕获来自多个 菌株的保守 TALEs。结果表明，在水稻中， 赋予了对 BB 和 BLS 的广谱抗性。此外，我们对 转基因植物的进一步实验首次表明，-基因介导的防御反应也对稻瘟病的病原体 pv. （）有效。我们目前的工作为利用 基因介导的抗病性在水稻中的全部潜力提供了一种新策略。
