Anderson George M, Osorio Camilo, Berns Ellis M, Masood Umar, Alsoof Daniel, McDonald Christopher L, Zhang Andrew S, Younghein John Andrew, Kuris Eren O, Telfeian Albert, Daniels Alan H
School of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
J Clin Med. 2022 Jun 17;11(12):3481. doi: 10.3390/jcm11123481.
Antibiotic bone cement (ABC) is an effective tool for the prophylaxis and treatment of osteomyelitis due to the controlled, sustained release of local antibiotics. ABC has been proven to be effective in the orthopedic fields of arthroplasty and extremity trauma, but the adoption of ABC in spine surgery is limited. The characteristics of ABC make it an optimal solution for treating vertebral osteomyelitis (VO), a serious complication following spine surgery, typically caused by bacterial and sometimes fungal and parasitic pathogens. VO can be devastating, as infection can result in pathogenic biofilms on instrumentation that is dangerous to remove. New techniques, such as kyphoplasty and novel vertebroplasty methods, could amplify the potential of ABC in spine surgery. However, caution should be exercised when using ABC as there is some evidence of toxicity to patients and surgeons, antibiotic allergies, bone cement structural impairment, and possible development of antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this article is to describe the basic science of antibiotic cement utilization and review its usage in spine surgery.
抗生素骨水泥（ABC）是一种用于预防和治疗骨髓炎的有效工具，因其能控制并持续释放局部抗生素。ABC已被证明在关节置换术和四肢创伤等骨科领域有效，但在脊柱手术中的应用有限。ABC的特性使其成为治疗椎体骨髓炎（VO）的理想解决方案，VO是脊柱手术后的一种严重并发症，通常由细菌引起，有时也由真菌和寄生虫病原体引起。VO可能具有毁灭性，因为感染会导致器械上形成致病性生物膜，而清除这些生物膜很危险。诸如椎体后凸成形术和新型椎体成形术等新技术，可能会扩大ABC在脊柱手术中的潜力。然而，使用ABC时应谨慎，因为有证据表明其对患者和外科医生存在毒性、抗生素过敏、骨水泥结构受损以及可能产生抗生素耐药性。本文旨在描述抗生素骨水泥应用的基础科学，并综述其在脊柱手术中的使用情况。
