Cortés-Sarabia Karen, Gutiérrez-Torres Mayralina, Mendoza-Renteria Escarlet Maleny, Leyva-Vázquez Marco Antonio, Vences-Velázquez Amalia, Hernández-Sotelo Daniel, Beltrán-Anaya Fredy Omar, Del Moral-Hernández Oscar, Illades-Aguiar Berenice
Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Diagnóstico Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39086, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39086, Mexico.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Jun 7;10(6):909. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10060909.
The BNT162b2 Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine was the first emergency approved vaccine during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the variations in the humoral immune response induced by the administration of the BNT162b2 vaccine in patients with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, the elderly, and those with comorbidities and immunosuppression states. Additionally, we analyzed the effect of generated neutralizing antibodies against the new variants of concern of SARS-CoV-2. Pubmed, Science Direct, Mendeley, and WorldWide Science were searched between 1 January 2020 and October 2021 using the keywords "BNT162b2", "serology", "comorbidity", "immunosuppression", and "variants of concern"dA total of 20 peer-reviewed publications were selected. The analysis showed that those individuals with previous infections have a considerably higher antibody response after the administration of BNT162b2 vaccine in contrast with seronegative individuals. With regard to variation in immune responses, elderly individuals, patients with cancer, or patients who had undergone a kidney transplant, dialysis, or who were pregnant had a lower antibody response in comparison to healthy individuals. Finally, antibodies developed against the S protein produced by the BNT162b2 vaccine, possessed lower neutralizing activity against the alpha, beta, gamma, and delta variants of SARS-CoV-2. In conclusion, patients with immunodeficiencies and comorbidities have a lesser antibody response, about which further studies need to be performed in order to analyze the effectiveness and duration of the humoral immunity associated with vaccination in these specific populations.
辉瑞/BioNTech的BNT162b2疫苗是新冠疫情期间首个获得紧急批准的疫苗。本系统评价的目的是研究在既往感染过严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的患者、老年人以及患有合并症和处于免疫抑制状态的人群中，接种BNT162b2疫苗所诱导的体液免疫反应的差异。此外，我们分析了所产生的针对SARS-CoV-2相关新变种的中和抗体的效果。在2020年1月1日至2021年10月期间，使用关键词“BNT162b2”、“血清学”、“合并症”、“免疫抑制”和“相关变种”在PubMed、Science Direct、Mendeley和WorldWide Science数据库中进行检索。共筛选出20篇经同行评审的出版物。分析表明，与血清学阴性个体相比，既往感染过的个体在接种BNT162b2疫苗后抗体反应明显更高。关于免疫反应的差异，老年人、癌症患者、接受过肾移植、透析的患者或孕妇与健康个体相比，抗体反应较低。最后，由BNT162b2疫苗产生的针对刺突（S）蛋白的抗体对SARS-CoV-2的α、β、γ和δ变种的中和活性较低。总之，免疫缺陷和合并症患者的抗体反应较弱，需要进一步开展研究以分析这些特定人群中与疫苗接种相关的体液免疫的有效性和持续时间。
