Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
Delta Center, Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Portageville, MO 63873, USA.
Viruses. 2022 May 24;14(6):1122. doi: 10.3390/v14061122.
This review summarizes the history and current state of the known genetic basis for soybean resistance to (SMV), and examines how the integration of molecular markers has been utilized in breeding for crop improvement. SVM causes yield loss and seed quality reduction in soybean based on the SMV strain and the host genotype. Understanding the molecular underpinnings of SMV-soybean interactions and the genes conferring resistance to SMV has been a focus of intense research interest for decades. Soybean reactions are classified into three main responses: resistant, necrotic, or susceptible. Significant progress has been achieved that has greatly increased the understanding of soybean germplasm diversity, differential reactions to SMV strains, genotype-strain interactions, genes/alleles conferring specific reactions, and interactions among resistance genes and alleles. Many studies that aimed to uncover the physical position of resistance genes have been published in recent decades, collectively proposing different candidate genes. The studies on SMV resistance loci revealed that the resistance genes are mainly distributed on three chromosomes. Resistance has been pyramided in various combinations for durable resistance to SMV strains. The causative genes are still elusive despite early successes in identifying resistance alleles in soybean; however, a gene at the locus has been well validated.
本文综述了大豆对（SMV）抗性的已知遗传基础的历史和现状，并探讨了如何将分子标记整合到作物改良的育种中。SMV 根据 SMV 菌株和宿主基因型导致大豆减产和种子质量下降。几十年来，理解 SMV-大豆相互作用的分子基础以及赋予 SMV 抗性的基因一直是研究的重点。大豆的反应分为三种主要类型：抗性、坏死或敏感。已经取得了重大进展，大大提高了对大豆种质多样性、对 SMV 菌株的不同反应、基因型-菌株相互作用、赋予特定反应的基因/等位基因以及抗性基因和等位基因之间相互作用的理解。近几十年来，许多旨在揭示抗性基因物理位置的研究已经发表，共同提出了不同的候选基因。对 SMV 抗性基因座的研究表明，抗性基因主要分布在三条染色体上。为了对 SMV 菌株产生持久抗性，已经将不同的抗性基因进行了聚合。尽管早期在大豆中鉴定出抗性等位基因取得了成功，但仍然难以确定抗性基因的位置；然而， 基因座上的一个基因已经得到了很好的验证。
