Liu Hao-Ran, Shen Chao, Hassani Danial, Fang Wan-Qi, Wang Zhi-Yi, Lu Yi, Zhu Rui-Liang, Zhao Qiong
School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jun 7;13:863389. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.863389. eCollection 2022.
Vacuoles are the most conspicuous organelles in plants for their indispensable functions in cell expansion, solute storage, water balance, etc. Extensive studies on angiosperms have revealed that a set of conserved core molecular machineries orchestrate the formation of vacuoles from multiple pathways. Usually, vacuoles in seed plants are classified into protein storage vacuoles and lytic vacuoles for their distinctive morphology and physiology function. Bryophytes represent early diverged non-vascular land plants, and are of great value for a better understanding of plant science. However, knowledge about vacuole morphology and biogenesis is far less characterized in bryophytes. In this review, first we summarize known knowledge about the morphological and metabolic constitution properties of bryophytes' vacuoles. Then based on known genome information of representative bryophytes, we compared the conserved molecular machinery for vacuole biogenesis among different species including yeast, mammals, and bryophytes and listed out significant changes in terms of the presence/absence of key machinery genes which participate in vacuole biogenesis. Finally, we propose the possible conserved and diverged mechanism for the biogenesis of vacuoles in bryophytes compared with seed plants.
液泡是植物中最显著的细胞器，在细胞扩张、溶质储存、水分平衡等方面发挥着不可或缺的作用。对被子植物的广泛研究表明，一组保守的核心分子机制通过多种途径协调液泡的形成。通常，种子植物中的液泡根据其独特的形态和生理功能分为蛋白储存液泡和裂解液泡。苔藓植物是早期分化的非维管陆地植物，对于更好地理解植物科学具有重要价值。然而，关于苔藓植物液泡形态和生物发生的知识却知之甚少。在这篇综述中，我们首先总结了关于苔藓植物液泡形态和代谢组成特性的已知知识。然后，基于代表性苔藓植物的已知基因组信息，我们比较了包括酵母、哺乳动物和苔藓植物在内的不同物种中液泡生物发生的保守分子机制，并列出了参与液泡生物发生的关键机制基因存在/缺失方面的显著变化。最后，我们提出了与种子植物相比，苔藓植物液泡生物发生可能的保守和分化机制。
