Padilha Maria Itayra, Caravaca-Morera Jaime Alonso, Gentil Ana Gabriela Bastos, Dal Vesco Stéfany Nayara Petry, Bellaguarda Maria Lígia Dos Reis, Silva Amina
Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil.
University of Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica.
J Adv Nurs. 2022 Sep;78(9):2731-2746. doi: 10.1111/jan.15318. Epub 2022 Jun 24.
To integrate and analyse the literature produced by nurses in terms of care, education and understanding of the reality of transgender (trans) people.
An integrative review methodology guided by the framework proposed by Whittemore and Knafl.
The search strategy was applied in the following databases: Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL, as well as in Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, during February and March 2021, with no time frame.
The references found were assessed according to the eligibility criteria established. The information of the articles included was extracted, and a thematic analysis was performed to synthesize the review findings.
The searches in the databases yielded 2859 articles; 985 after removing duplicates, and 33 articles were included in this review. Three major themes were identified: (1) Understanding the trans universe through the trans perspective; (2) Understanding health and nursing care for trans people; and (3) Trans women as the focus of health and nursing care. The themes evidenced in the lens of nurses and clients the importance of nursing training at all levels to prepare professionals on how to provide culturally competent nursing care for this population and reduce healthcare inequities.
Nurses must work to provide a space for convergence and enhancement of the rights of trans people and cease to be a verticalized care model. To such end, it is necessary to devise places and possibilities to teach and learn, to construct and reconstruct a culturally competent nursing care.
This review highlighted the current knowledge and identified gaps in the understanding of nurses, health professionals and students about the experience lived by trans people, resulting from the lack of training and continuing education of these professionals.
整合并分析护士撰写的关于跨性别者护理、教育及对其现实情况理解的文献。
采用由惠特莫尔和克纳夫提出的框架指导的整合性综述方法。
2021年2月和3月在以下数据库应用检索策略：医学文献数据库（Medline）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（Embase）、Scopus数据库、科学引文索引数据库（Web of Science）和护理学与健康领域数据库（CINAHL），且无时间限制。此外还检索了虚拟健康图书馆（Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde）。
根据既定的纳入标准对检索到的参考文献进行评估。提取所纳入文章的信息，并进行主题分析以综合综述结果。
数据库检索共得到2859篇文章；去除重复后有985篇，本综述纳入了33篇文章。确定了三个主要主题：（1）从跨性别视角理解跨性别世界；（2）理解跨性别者的健康与护理；（3）跨性别女性作为健康与护理的重点。这些主题从护士和服务对象的角度证明了各级护理培训对于使专业人员做好准备以如何为该人群提供具有文化胜任力的护理并减少医疗保健不平等现象的重要性。
护士必须努力为跨性别者权利的汇聚与增强提供空间，摒弃垂直化护理模式。为此，有必要设计教学与学习的场所及可能性，构建并重建具有文化胜任力的护理。
本综述突出了当前的知识，并指出了护士、卫生专业人员和学生在理解跨性别者经历方面存在的差距，这是由于这些专业人员缺乏培训和继续教育所致。
