The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2022 Jun;33(6). doi: 10.1111/pai.13811.
The relation of physical condition with respiratory outcomes in adolescents is unclear. We examined the hypothesis that adolescents with a lower physical condition represented by a lower cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity, and a higher screen time have a lower lung function and higher risk of asthma.
In a population-based prospective cohort study on 4854 children aged 13 years, we assessed cardiorespiratory fitness by using the peak work rate measured by the steep ramp test. Information on physical activity and screen time was obtained by self-reported questionnaires. Lung function was measured by spirometry and current asthma was assessed by a parental-reported questionnaire.
Taking sociodemographic, lifestyle, and growth-related confounders and multiple hypothesis testing into account, a 1 SD lower cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with a lower FEV , FVC, and FEF (Z-score difference (95% CI): -0.31 (-0.35, -0.28), -0.30 (-0.33, -0.26), -0.13 (-0.17, -0.10), respectively), and a higher risk of asthma (Odds Ratio (95% CI) 1.25 (1.06, 1.46)). A 1 SD higher screen time was associated with a lower FVC (Z-score difference (95% CI): -0.06 (-0.10, -0.03)). Physical activity and screen time were not related to asthma. Results did not materially change after additional adjustment for respiratory outcomes at an earlier age.
Adolescents with a lower cardiorespiratory fitness had a lower lung function and a higher risk of asthma. Those with a higher screen time had a lower FVC. Further studies are needed to explore the effect of improvements in physical condition on long-term respiratory outcomes.
身体状况与青少年呼吸系统结果之间的关系尚不清楚。我们检验了以下假设，即心肺适能较低（表现为心肺适能测试中的峰值工作率较低、身体活动水平和屏幕时间较高）、身体状况较差的青少年的肺功能较低，且哮喘发病风险较高。
在一项针对 4854 名 13 岁儿童的基于人群的前瞻性队列研究中，我们使用陡峭斜坡测试测量的峰值工作率评估心肺适能。身体活动和屏幕时间信息通过自我报告问卷获得。使用肺活量计测量肺功能，通过父母报告的问卷评估当前哮喘。
考虑到社会人口统计学、生活方式和与生长相关的混杂因素以及多次假设检验，心肺适能每降低 1 个标准差，FEV 1 、FVC 和 FEF （Z 分数差异（95%CI）：-0.31（-0.35，-0.28）、-0.30（-0.33，-0.26）、-0.13（-0.17，-0.10））降低，哮喘发病风险增加（比值比（95%CI）1.25（1.06，1.46））。屏幕时间每增加 1 个标准差，FVC 降低（Z 分数差异（95%CI）：-0.06（-0.10，-0.03））。身体活动和屏幕时间与哮喘无关。在进一步调整更早年龄的呼吸系统结果后，结果没有实质性变化。
心肺适能较低的青少年肺功能较低，哮喘发病风险较高。屏幕时间较长的青少年 FVC 较低。需要进一步研究以探讨改善身体状况对长期呼吸系统结果的影响。
