Tibial metaphyseal cones combined with short stems perform as well as long stems in revision total knee arthroplasty.

BACKGROUNDS

There is uncertainty around optimal tibial stem length in revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) utilizing a tibial trabecular metal (TM) cone. The purpose of this study was to compare: (1) functional outcomes, (2) radiographic outcomes and (3) implant survivorship in rTKA utilizing TM cones combined with either short stems (SS) or long stems (LS) at minimum 2 years follow-up.

METHODS

In this retrospective, multi-centre study, patients undergoing rTKA utilizing a TM cone between 2008 and 2019 were included. Patients were divided into: SS group (no diaphyseal engagement), and LS group (diaphyseal engagement). All relevant clinical charts and post-operative radiographs were examined. Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D-5L) data were collected at most recent follow-up.

RESULTS

In total, 44 patients were included: 18 in the SS group and 26 in the LS group. The mean time of follow-up was 4.0 years. Failure free survival was 94.4% for the SS group and 92.3% for the LS group. All failures were for prosthetic joint infections managed with debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention. At most recent follow-up, 3 patients demonstrated radiographic signs of lucency (1 SS 2 LS, P = 1) and the mean OKS were 37 ± 4 and 36 ± 6 (P = 0.73) in the SS and LS groups, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Tibial SS combined with TM cones performed as well as LS in rTKA at minimum 2 years follow-up. A tibial SS in combination with a TM cone is a reliable technique to achieve stable and durable fixation in rTKA.