Shidhani Asma S Al, Rawahi Naama A Al, Yahiyai Zuwaina K Al, Masood Imrana, Saadi Zainab A Al, Shukaili Samah S Al, Rizvi Sayed G, Jose Sachin
Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
Department of Primary Care, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman.
J Family Community Med. 2022 May-Aug;29(2):155-161. doi: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_59_22. Epub 2022 May 13.
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sensorimotor disorder during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of RLS and explore the associated risk factors and outcomes in Omani women in the first and third trimester and at 2-week postpartum.
This cross-sectional study included 305 pregnant women visiting four health centers in Muscat between May 2018 and October 2020. A structured questionnaire was used and data were collected through review of electronic records and face-to-face interviews. The International RLS Study Group criteria were used to diagnose RLS. Participants were interviewed during their first trimester, their third trimester, and at their 2-week postpartum visit. Results were presented as means and standard deviations or percentages, as appropriate. To assess the association between RLS and various variables, unpaired -test or McNemar's test were used, as appropriate.
The mean age at baseline was 29.8 ± 5.28 years. The prevalence of RLS was significantly higher in the third trimester (41.0%) than in the first trimester (15.7%) and postpartum period (15.1%) ( < 0.001), although there was no significant difference in severity. Family history and personal history of RLS were the only independent correlates of RLS ( < 0.001 and 0.002, respectively). No associations were noted with pregnancy and neonatal outcomes or other comorbidities, including anemia. However, there was a significant relationship between the development of RLS and weight gain during pregnancy ( = 0.023).
One in six pregnant Omani women may be at risk of RLS during the first trimester, while one in 2-3 may be at risk in the third trimester, particularly those with a personal or family history of RLS and those who gain >12 kg during pregnancy.
不安腿综合征（RLS）是孕期常见的感觉运动障碍。本研究旨在评估阿曼女性在孕早期、孕晚期及产后2周时RLS的患病率，并探讨相关危险因素及结局。
这项横断面研究纳入了2018年5月至2020年10月期间在马斯喀特的四个健康中心就诊的305名孕妇。使用结构化问卷，通过查阅电子记录和面对面访谈收集数据。采用国际RLS研究组标准诊断RLS。在孕早期、孕晚期及产后2周时对参与者进行访谈。结果以均值和标准差或百分比（视情况而定）呈现。为评估RLS与各种变量之间的关联，酌情使用了不成对t检验或McNemar检验。
基线时的平均年龄为29.8±5.28岁。RLS的患病率在孕晚期（41.0%）显著高于孕早期（15.7%）和产后时期（15.1%）（P<0.001），尽管严重程度无显著差异。RLS的家族史和个人史是RLS仅有的独立相关因素（分别为P<0.001和0.002）。未发现与妊娠及新生儿结局或其他合并症（包括贫血）有关联。然而，RLS的发生与孕期体重增加之间存在显著关系（P=0.023）。
六分之一的阿曼孕妇在孕早期可能有患RLS的风险，而在孕晚期，两到三人中可能有一人有风险，尤其是那些有RLS个人或家族史以及孕期体重增加超过12kg的孕妇。
