Molnarova Katarina, Cokrtova Katerina, Tomnikova Alice, Krizek Tomas, Kozlik Petr
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Monatsh Chem. 2022;153(9):659-686. doi: 10.1007/s00706-022-02938-4. Epub 2022 Jun 21.
Glycosylation is one of the most significant and abundant post-translational modifications in cells. Glycomic and glycoproteomic analyses involve the characterization of oligosaccharides (glycans) conjugated to proteins. Glycomic and glycoproteomic analysis is highly challenging because of the large diversity of structures, low abundance, site-specific heterogeneity, and poor ionization efficiency of glycans and glycopeptides in mass spectrometry (MS). MS is a key tool for characterization of glycans and glycopeptides. However, MS alone does not always provide full structural and quantitative information for many reasons, and thus MS is combined with some separation technique. This review focuses on the role of separation techniques used in glycomic and glycoproteomic analyses, liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. The most important separation conditions and results are presented and discussed.
糖基化是细胞中最重要且最丰富的翻译后修饰之一。糖组学和糖蛋白质组学分析涉及对与蛋白质结合的寡糖（聚糖）的表征。由于聚糖和糖肽在质谱（MS）中的结构多样性大、丰度低、位点特异性异质性以及电离效率差，糖组学和糖蛋白质组学分析极具挑战性。MS是表征聚糖和糖肽的关键工具。然而，由于多种原因，仅靠MS并不总能提供完整的结构和定量信息，因此MS要与一些分离技术相结合。本综述重点关注用于糖组学和糖蛋白质组学分析的分离技术、液相色谱和毛细管电泳的作用。介绍并讨论了最重要的分离条件和结果。
