Shapiro Jamie, Donaldson Stewart I
Division of Behavioral & Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, United States.
Front Psychol. 2022 Jun 10;13:884672. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.884672. eCollection 2022.
One of the most important units of analysis for positive organizational psychology research is leaders and future leaders in the workplace. Leaders often have a large responsibility for and influence on the well-being and performance of their followers. They also face the unique challenge of serving their followers and the organization while needing to maintain their own vitality and well-being. Vitality can provide a foundation of energy resources to a leader to serve at their full capacity. This study develops and empirically examines a new three factor scale to measure leader vitality which includes physical, psychological, and emotional components. In study 1, a total of 175 participants (including = 128 leaders) completed the Leader Vitality Scale (LVS) and other positive psychology related measures. Exploratory factor analysis and then confirmatory factor analysis showed that the LVS is hierarchical with three distinct factors, with overall vitality as the higher-order factor. Correlational tests with two established vitality scales for general use showed that the LVS is positively related to existing scales, demonstrating convergent validity. In study 2, data was gathered from 92 top level leaders in the C-Suite ( = 25), vice presidents ( = 23), directors ( = 21), and managers ( = 23) of organizations across the United States. Results showed that LVS scores significantly correlated with life satisfaction, positive emotions, positive functioning at work, and psychological capital. Overall, these findings suggest that the LVS is a valid measure for assessing leader vitality, and can used in future studies of well-being and positive functioning at work.
积极组织心理学研究中最重要的分析单元之一是职场中的领导者和未来领导者。领导者通常对其下属的幸福和绩效负有重大责任并产生影响。他们还面临着独特的挑战，即在服务下属和组织的同时，需要保持自身的活力和幸福。活力可以为领导者提供能量资源基础，使其能够充分发挥作用。本研究开发并实证检验了一种新的三因素量表来衡量领导者活力，该量表包括身体、心理和情感成分。在研究1中，共有175名参与者（包括128名领导者）完成了领导者活力量表（LVS）和其他与积极心理学相关的测量。探索性因素分析以及随后的验证性因素分析表明，LVS是分层的，有三个不同的因素，总体活力为高阶因素。与两个常用的既定活力量表进行的相关性测试表明，LVS与现有量表呈正相关，证明了聚合效度。在研究2中，数据收集自美国各组织的92名高层领导者（首席执行官25名、副总裁23名、董事21名和经理23名）。结果表明，LVS得分与生活满意度、积极情绪、工作中的积极功能和心理资本显著相关。总体而言，这些发现表明LVS是评估领导者活力的有效指标，可用于未来关于幸福和工作中积极功能的研究。
