Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Institute of Immunology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Front Immunol. 2022 Jun 10;13:906122. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.906122. eCollection 2022.
Food allergy is a growing concern due to its increasing world-wide incidence. Strict avoidance of allergens is a passive treatment strategy. Since the mechanisms responsible for the occurrence and development of food allergy have not yet been fully elucidated, effective individualized treatment options are lacking. In this review, we summarize the pathways through which food antigens enter the intestine and review the proposed mechanisms describing how the intestine acquires and tolerates food antigens. When oral tolerance is not established, food allergy occurs. In addition, we also discuss the contribution of commensal bacteria of the gut in shaping tolerance to food antigens in the intestinal tract. Finally, we propose that elucidating the mechanisms of intestinal uptake and tolerance of food antigens will provide additional clues for potential treatment options for food allergy.
食物过敏是一个日益受到关注的问题，因为它在全球范围内的发病率不断增加。严格避免过敏原是一种被动的治疗策略。由于导致食物过敏发生和发展的机制尚未完全阐明，因此缺乏有效的个体化治疗选择。在这篇综述中，我们总结了食物抗原进入肠道的途径，并回顾了描述肠道获得和耐受食物抗原的机制。当口服耐受未建立时，就会发生食物过敏。此外，我们还讨论了肠道共生菌在塑造肠道对食物抗原的耐受中的作用。最后，我们提出阐明肠道摄取和耐受食物抗原的机制将为食物过敏的潜在治疗选择提供更多线索。
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