Mayorga Cristobalina, Palomares Francisca, Cañas José A, Pérez-Sánchez Natalia, Núñez Rafael, Torres María José, Gómez Francisca
Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29009 Málaga, Spain.
Allergy Clinical Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
Foods. 2021 May 10;10(5):1037. doi: 10.3390/foods10051037.
Food allergy is an increasing problem worldwide, with strict avoidance being classically the only available reliable treatment. The main objective of this review is to cover the latest information about the tools available for the diagnosis and treatment of food allergies. In recent years, many efforts have been made to better understand the humoral and cellular mechanisms involved in food allergy and to improve the strategies for diagnosis and treatment. This review illustrates IgE-mediated food hypersensitivity and provides a current description of the diagnostic strategies and advances in different treatments. Specific immunotherapy, including different routes of administration and new therapeutic approaches, such as hypoallergens and nanoparticles, are discussed in detail. Other treatments, such as biologics and microbiota, are also described. Therefore, we conclude that although important efforts have been made in improving therapies for food allergies, including innovative approaches mainly focusing on efficacy and safety, there is an urgent need to develop a set of basic and clinical results to help in the diagnosis and treatment of food allergies.
食物过敏在全球范围内是一个日益严重的问题，传统上严格避免接触是唯一可靠的治疗方法。本综述的主要目的是涵盖有关食物过敏诊断和治疗可用工具的最新信息。近年来，人们做出了许多努力，以更好地了解食物过敏所涉及的体液和细胞机制，并改进诊断和治疗策略。本综述阐述了IgE介导的食物超敏反应，并对不同治疗方法的诊断策略和进展进行了当前描述。详细讨论了特异性免疫疗法，包括不同的给药途径和新的治疗方法，如低变应原和纳米颗粒。还描述了其他治疗方法，如生物制剂和微生物群。因此，我们得出结论，尽管在改善食物过敏治疗方面已经做出了重要努力，包括主要关注疗效和安全性的创新方法，但迫切需要开发一系列基础和临床成果，以帮助食物过敏的诊断和治疗。
