Division of Population Health Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
School of Medicine, The Center for Medical Gerontology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Pediatr Obes. 2022 Nov;17(11):e12953. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12953. Epub 2022 Jun 27.
Various child growth criteria exist for monitoring overweight and obesity prevalence in young children.
To estimate early overweight and obesity prevalence in Ireland and compare the differences in prevalence across ages, growth criteria and sexes.
Longitudinal body mass index data from the nationally representative Growing Up in Ireland infant cohort (n = 11 134) were categorized ('under-/normal weight', 'risk of overweight', 'overweight', 'obesity') using the sex- and age-specific International Obesity Task Force growth reference, World Health Organization growth standard and World Health Organization growth reference criteria. Differences in prevalences between criteria and sexes, and changes in each weight category and criterion across ages (9 months, 3 years, 5 years), were investigated.
Across criteria, 11%-40% of children had overweight or obesity at 9 months, 14%-46% at 3 years and 8%-32% at 5 years of age. Prevalence estimates were highest using the World Health Organization growth reference, followed by International Obesity Task Force estimates. Within each criterion, prevalence decreased significantly over time (p < 0.05). However, when combining both World Health Organization criteria, as recommended for population studies, prevalence increased, due to differences in definitions between them. Significantly more boys than girls had overweight/obesity using either World Health Organization criterion, which was reversed using the International Obesity Task Force growth reference.
To increase transparency and comparability, studies of childhood obesity need to consider differences in prevalence estimates across growth criteria. Effective prevention, intervention and policy-making are needed to control Ireland's high overweight and obesity prevalence.
有多种儿童生长标准可用于监测幼儿超重和肥胖的流行情况。
评估爱尔兰幼儿早期超重和肥胖的流行情况，并比较不同年龄、生长标准和性别的流行率差异。
使用国际肥胖工作组（IOTF）特定性别和年龄的生长参考、世界卫生组织（WHO）生长标准和 WHO 生长参考标准，对具有全国代表性的爱尔兰婴幼儿队列（n=11134）的纵向体重指数数据进行分类（“体重不足/正常”、“超重风险”、“超重”、“肥胖”）。研究了不同标准和性别的流行率差异，以及每个体重类别和标准在年龄（9 个月、3 岁、5 岁）上的变化。
在所有标准中，9 个月时有 11%-40%的儿童超重或肥胖，3 岁时有 14%-46%，5 岁时有 8%-32%。使用世界卫生组织生长参考的估计值最高，其次是国际肥胖工作组的估计值。在每个标准内，流行率随时间显著下降（p<0.05）。然而，当结合使用这两种世界卫生组织标准时，由于它们之间的定义存在差异，因此流行率会增加，这是推荐用于人群研究的。使用任何一种世界卫生组织标准，男孩的超重/肥胖比例都明显高于女孩，而使用国际肥胖工作组生长参考的情况则相反。
为了提高透明度和可比性，对儿童肥胖的研究需要考虑不同生长标准下的流行率估计值差异。需要采取有效的预防、干预和政策措施来控制爱尔兰高超重和肥胖的流行率。
