Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; email:
Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Annu Rev Microbiol. 2022 Sep 8;76:681-702. doi: 10.1146/annurev-micro-041320-033201. Epub 2022 Jun 27.
Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium and constitutes a significant public health threat in many areas of the world. infection elicits potent and long-lasting immunity, and efforts to develop cholera vaccines have been ongoing for more than a century. Currently available inactivated two-dose oral cholera vaccines are increasingly deployed to both prevent and actively curb cholera outbreaks, and they are key components of the global effort to eradicate cholera. However, these killed whole-cell vaccines have several limitations, and a variety of new oral and nonoral cholera vaccine platforms have recently been developed. Here, we review emerging concepts in cholera vaccine design and implementation that have been driven by insights from human and animal studies. As a prototypical vaccine-preventable disease, cholera continues to be an excellent target for the development and application of cutting-edge technologies and platforms that may transform vaccinology.
霍乱是一种由细菌引起的严重腹泻病，在世界许多地区构成重大公共卫生威胁。感染霍乱弧菌会引发强烈且持久的免疫力，因此开发霍乱疫苗的努力已经持续了一个多世纪。目前可用的两种灭活口服霍乱疫苗越来越多地被用于预防和积极控制霍乱疫情，它们是全球消除霍乱努力的关键组成部分。然而，这些全细胞灭活疫苗有几个局限性，最近已经开发出多种新型口服和非口服霍乱疫苗平台。在这里，我们回顾了人类和动物研究的见解所驱动的霍乱疫苗设计和实施方面的新进展。作为一种典型的可通过疫苗预防的疾病，霍乱仍然是开发和应用可能改变疫苗学的尖端技术和平台的绝佳目标。
