Kumar Yogesh, Kumar Rohit, Raizada Pankaj, Parwaz Khan Aftab Aslam, Nguyen Van-Huy, Kim Soo Young, Le Quyet Van, Selvasembian Rangabhashiyam, Singh Archana, Gautam Sourav, Nguyen Chinh Chien, Singh Pardeep
School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India; Department of Chemistry, Government Degree College, Solan, HP, 173212, India.
School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India.
Chemosphere. 2022 Oct;305:135477. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135477. Epub 2022 Jun 24.
The growing needs of the rising population and blatant misuse of resources have contributed enormously to environmental problems. Among the various methods, photocatalysis has emerged as one of the effective remediation methods. The continuous search for effective photocatalysts that can be made from abundant, cheap, non-toxic materials is going on. Although sulfur is a known insulator, recent sulfur use as a visible light photocatalyst has ushered a new era in this direction. Sulfur is a non-toxic, cheap, and abundant photocatalyst, exhibiting significant photocatalytic properties. But, hydrophobicity, poor light-harvesting and high recombination rate of charge carriers in elemental sulfur photocatalyst are some of the major drawbacks of the elemental sulfur photocatalyst. The photocatalytic activity of sulfur as a single element was low, but various methods such as nanoscaling, heterojunction formation, doping and surface modifications have been used to enhance it. The review highlights sulfur's crystal structure, electronic and optical properties, and morphological changes, making it an excellent visible light photocatalyst. The article points to the limitations of sulfur as a single photocatalyst and various strategies to improve the shortcomings. More recently, there has been an emphasis on the synthesis of metal-free photocatalysts. This review provides its readers with a comprehensive detail of sulfur being used as a dopant in improving the photocatalytic properties of metal-free photocatalysts and their environmental remediation use. Finally, the conclusion and future perspectives for sulfur-based nanostructures are presented.
人口增长带来的需求不断增加以及资源的肆意滥用，极大地加剧了环境问题。在各种方法中，光催化已成为一种有效的修复方法。人们一直在不断寻找能够由丰富、廉价、无毒材料制成的有效光催化剂。尽管硫是一种已知的绝缘体，但最近将硫用作可见光光催化剂开创了这一领域的新纪元。硫是一种无毒、廉价且储量丰富的光催化剂，具有显著的光催化性能。但是，元素硫光催化剂存在疏水性、光捕获能力差以及电荷载流子复合率高等主要缺点。硫作为单一元素时的光催化活性较低，但已采用各种方法，如纳米尺度化、异质结形成、掺杂和表面改性等来提高其活性。该综述重点介绍了硫的晶体结构、电子和光学性质以及形态变化，使其成为一种出色的可见光光催化剂。文章指出了硫作为单一光催化剂的局限性以及改善这些缺点的各种策略。最近，人们开始强调无金属光催化剂的合成。本综述为读者提供了关于硫用作掺杂剂以改善无金属光催化剂的光催化性能及其在环境修复中的应用的全面详细信息。最后，给出了硫基纳米结构的结论和未来展望。
