Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
J Affect Disord. 2022 Sep 1;312:310-314. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.06.054. Epub 2022 Jun 24.
PHQ-4, consisting of PHQ-2 and GAD-2, is a widely used screening instrument for depressive and anxiety symptoms in clinical settings and in epidemiological studies. In the present study we provide an update of normative data from the German general population.
Data was collected in two randomly selected samples representative of the German general population in 2020 (N = 2503) and 2021 (N = 2519). We computed percentile norm values for the total sample (N = 5022) and for different age groups, stratified by gender.
Compared to previous data, only minor changes in normative values were observed. 95 %-thresholds were at a score of 6-7 for the PHQ-4, and 3-4 for PHQ-2 and GAD-2 respectively. The scales showed acceptable reliability with McDonald's omega of ω = 0.77 for PHQ-2, ω = 0.78 for GAD-2, and ω = 0.85 for PHQ-4.
Lack of a diagnostic gold standard and suboptimal response proportion (44.2 %) are limitations of this study.
This update supports the continued use of PHQ-4 scales as reliable instruments. For psychometric application, the reported normative data for PHQ-2, GAD-2 and PHQ-4 facilitates more up-to-date comparisons.
PHQ-4 由 PHQ-2 和 GAD-2 组成，是一种广泛用于临床和流行病学研究中评估抑郁和焦虑症状的筛查工具。本研究提供了德国一般人群的 PHQ-4 常模数据的最新更新。
本研究的数据来自于 2020 年（N=2503）和 2021 年（N=2519）两个随机抽取的具有代表性的德国一般人群样本。我们为总样本（N=5022）和不同年龄组的男女分别计算了百分位常模值。
与之前的数据相比，常模值只有微小的变化。PHQ-4 的 95%截断值为 6-7 分，PHQ-2 和 GAD-2 分别为 3-4 分。这些量表的信度可接受，PHQ-2 的 McDonald's omega 为 0.77，GAD-2 为 0.78，PHQ-4 为 0.85。
本研究的局限性在于缺乏诊断金标准和不优的应答率（44.2%）。
本研究结果支持 PHQ-4 量表作为可靠工具的持续使用。对于心理测量应用，报告的 PHQ-2、GAD-2 和 PHQ-4 的常模数据有助于更及时的比较。
