伊朗青少年中对新冠病毒的恐惧、牙科焦虑与心理困扰之间的关联。
Associations between fear of COVID-19, dental anxiety, and psychological distress among Iranian adolescents.
作者信息
Tofangchiha Maryam, Lin Chung-Ying, Scheerman Janneke F M, Broström Anders, Ahonen Hanna, Griffiths Mark D, Tadakamadla Santosh Kumar, Pakpour Amir H
机构信息
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Institute of Allied Health Sciences, Departments of Occupational Therapy and Public Health, and Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
出版信息
BDJ Open. 2022 Jun 27;8(1):19. doi: 10.1038/s41405-022-00112-w.
OBJECTIVES
The present study evaluated the association of fear of COVID-19 with dental anxiety, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), and psychological distress (depression, anxiety and stress), as well as exploring the mediating role of dental anxiety in the association of fear of COVID-19 with OHRQoL and psychological distress.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents in high schools of Qazvin city (Iran) from March-June 2021, recruited through a two-stage cluster sampling method. All the adolescents completed a self-administered survey assessing (i) fear of COVID-19, (ii) depression, anxiety and stress, (iii) OHRQoL, and (iv) dental anxiety. Structural equation modelling was used to evaluate all the hypothesised associations, and the model fit was estimated.
RESULTS
A total of 2429 adolescents participated in the study. The conceptual model fitted the data well. Fear of COVID-19 had a direct effect on dental anxiety (B = 0.316; bias-corrected bootstrapping 95% CI = 0.282, 0.349), depression (B = 0.302; bias-corrected bootstrapping 95% CI = 0.259, 0.347), anxiety (B = 0.289; bias-corrected bootstrapping 95% CI = 0.246, 0.334), stress (B = 0.282; bias-corrected bootstrapping 95% CI = 0.237, 0.328), and OHRQoL (B = -0.354; bias-corrected bootstrapping 95% CI = -0.530, -0.183). Also, dental anxiety mediated the association of fear of COVID-19 with depression, anxiety stress, and OHRQoL.
CONCLUSIONS
High levels of fear of COVID-19 were associated with high levels of dental anxiety and poorer OHRQoL. Moreover, fear of COVID-19 was positively associated with anxiety, depression and stress. Increased levels of dental anxiety were also associated with increased anxiety, stress, depression, and poorer OHRQoL.
目的
本研究评估了对新冠病毒的恐惧与牙科焦虑、口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）以及心理困扰（抑郁、焦虑和压力）之间的关联，并探讨牙科焦虑在对新冠病毒的恐惧与OHRQoL及心理困扰之间关联中的中介作用。
方法
2021年3月至6月，在加兹温市（伊朗）的高中学生中进行了一项横断面研究，通过两阶段整群抽样方法招募。所有青少年都完成了一项自我管理的调查，评估（i）对新冠病毒的恐惧，（ii）抑郁、焦虑和压力，（iii）OHRQoL，以及（iv）牙科焦虑。采用结构方程模型评估所有假设的关联，并估计模型拟合度。
结果
共有2429名青少年参与了该研究。概念模型与数据拟合良好。对新冠病毒的恐惧对牙科焦虑（B = 0.316；偏差校正自助法95% CI = 0.282，0.349）、抑郁（B = 0.302；偏差校正自助法95% CI = 0.259，0.347）、焦虑（B = 0.289；偏差校正自助法95% CI = 0.246，0.334）、压力（B = 0.282；偏差校正自助法95% CI = 0.237，0.328）和OHRQoL（B = -0.354；偏差校正自助法95% CI = -0.530，-0.183）有直接影响。此外，牙科焦虑介导了对新冠病毒的恐惧与抑郁、焦虑、压力和OHRQoL之间的关联。
结论
对新冠病毒的高度恐惧与高水平的牙科焦虑和较差的OHRQoL相关。此外，对新冠病毒的恐惧与焦虑、抑郁和压力呈正相关。牙科焦虑水平的升高也与焦虑、压力、抑郁的增加以及较差的OHRQoL相关。
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