Ngoc Cong Duong Khanh, Nguyen Le Bao Tien, Thi Lan Nguyen Phuong, Vo Van Thanh, Phung Lam Toi, Pham Gia Anh, Anuratpanich Luerat, Vo Van Bay
Mahidol University Health Technology Assessment (MUHTA) Graduate Program, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Institute of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.
JMIR Form Res. 2020 Dec 15;4(12):e24776. doi: 10.2196/24776.
The first nationwide lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic was implemented in Vietnam from April 1 to 15, 2020. Nevertheless, there has been limited information on the impact of COVID-19 on the psychological health of the public.
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychological issues and identify the factors associated with the psychological impact of COVID-19 during the first nationwide lockdown among the general population in Vietnam.
We employed a cross-sectional study design with convenience sampling. A self-administered, online survey was used to collect data and assess psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress of participants from April 10 to 15, 2020. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were utilized to assess psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress of participants during social distancing due to COVID-19. Associations across factors were explored using regression analysis.
A total of 1385 respondents completed the survey. Of this, 35.9% (n=497) experienced psychological distress, as well as depression (n=325, 23.5%), anxiety (n=195, 14.1%), and stress (n=309, 22.3%). Respondents who evaluated their physical health as average had a higher IES-R score (beta coefficient [B]=9.16, 95% CI 6.43 to 11.89), as well as higher depression (B=5.85, 95% CI 4.49 to 7.21), anxiety (B=3.64, 95% CI 2.64 to 4.63), and stress (B=5.19, 95% CI 3.83 to 6.56) scores for DASS-21 than those who rated their health as good or very good. Those who self-reported their health as bad or very bad experienced more severe depression (B=9.57, 95% CI 4.54 to 14.59), anxiety (B=7.24, 95% CI 3.55 to 10.9), and stress (B=10.60, 95% CI 5.56 to 15.65). Unemployment was more likely to be associated with depression (B=3.34, 95% CI 1.68 to 5.01) and stress (B=2.34, 95% CI 0.84 to 3.85). Regarding worries about COVID-19, more than half (n=755, 54.5%) expressed concern for their children aged <18 years, which increased their IES-R score (B=7.81, 95% CI 4.98 to 10.64) and DASS-21 stress score (B=1.75, 95% CI 0.27 to 3.24). The majority of respondents (n=1335, 96.4%) were confident about their doctor's expertise in terms of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment, which was positively associated with less distress caused by the outbreak (B=-7.84, 95% CI -14.58 to -1.11).
The findings highlight the effect of COVID-19 on mental health during the nationwide lockdown among the general population in Vietnam. The study provides useful evidence for policy decision makers to develop and implement interventions to mitigate these impacts.
越南于2020年4月1日至15日实施了因新冠疫情而进行的首次全国范围封锁。然而，关于新冠疫情对公众心理健康影响的信息有限。
本研究旨在估计心理问题的患病率，并确定越南普通人群在首次全国范围封锁期间与新冠疫情心理影响相关的因素。
我们采用了便利抽样的横断面研究设计。2020年4月10日至15日，通过一项自行填写的在线调查收集数据，评估参与者的心理困扰、抑郁、焦虑和压力。使用事件影响量表修订版（IES-R）和抑郁、焦虑和压力量表-21（DASS-21）来评估参与者在因新冠疫情而保持社交距离期间的心理困扰、抑郁、焦虑和压力。通过回归分析探索各因素之间的关联。
共有1385名受访者完成了调查。其中，35.9%（n = 497）经历了心理困扰，以及抑郁（n = 325，23.5%）、焦虑（n = 195，14.1%）和压力（n = 309，22.3%）。将自己的身体健康评估为中等的受访者的IES-R得分更高（β系数[B]=9.16，95%置信区间6.
