Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Food Res Int. 2022 Jul;157:111212. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111212. Epub 2022 Apr 1.
Bioactive compounds (bioactives) derived from plants and animals, are effective in increasing the safety and health of society through the treatment and prevention of diseases such as cancer. Fortifying conventional foods with bioactives is an accepted strategy by scientists, food manufacturers, and consumers. Milk and dairy products are among the most important foods used in our daily diet and can be a suitable option to deliver bioactives to the body, but there are challenges towards using these compounds in their original unprotected/free form. They can be degraded before reaching the target location in the body and interact with milk compounds, resulting in a negative impact on the quality characteristics of the corresponding foods. Thus, a suitable encapsulation technique can help to protect these sensitive compounds from environmental stresses and the process they encounter during the manufacture of food. This also prevents adverse interactions of bioactives with compounds in milk. This article aimed to review the recent literature about the addition of encapsulated bioactives such as vitamins, essential fatty acids, phenolic compounds, minerals, and enzymes into milk and dairy products, with a focus on common applied bioactives, methods of encapsulation, the interaction of bioactives with milk components, and the challenges facing the use of this technology in the dairy industry.
生物活性化合物（简称生物活性物）来源于动植物，可通过治疗和预防癌症等疾病来提高社会安全性和健康水平。通过在传统食品中添加生物活性物来强化食品，这是科学家、食品制造商和消费者都认可的策略。牛奶和乳制品是我们日常饮食中最重要的食品之一，是向人体输送生物活性物的合适选择，但在其原始非保护/游离形式下使用这些化合物存在挑战。它们可能在到达体内的目标位置之前被降解，并与牛奶中的化合物相互作用，从而对相应食品的质量特性产生负面影响。因此，合适的包埋技术可以帮助保护这些敏感的化合物免受环境压力和食品制造过程中遇到的影响。这也可以防止生物活性物与牛奶中的化合物发生不良反应。本文旨在综述有关将封装生物活性物（如维生素、必需脂肪酸、酚类化合物、矿物质和酶）添加到牛奶和乳制品中的最新文献，重点介绍常见的应用生物活性物、包埋方法、生物活性物与牛奶成分的相互作用，以及该技术在乳制品行业应用所面临的挑战。
