University of Sussex, Sussex, UK.
Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Sussex, UK.
Br J Clin Psychol. 2022 Nov;61(4):1038-1051. doi: 10.1111/bjc.12373. Epub 2022 Jun 28.
Attenuated symptoms of psychosis are a core feature of At-Risk Mental States. However, subthreshold levels of paranoia are also common among nonpsychosis populations. At present, little is known about whether the processes underpinning the experience of paranoid ideation in high-risk youth differ as a consequence of meeting At-Risk Mental States (ARMS) for psychosis criteria.
This study utilized path analysis techniques to examine the relationships between schematic beliefs, negative affect and the experience of paranoia for two groups: a group meeting criteria for ARMS (n = 133) and a group presenting with emerging complex mental health difficulties who did not meet the criteria for ARMS (n = 137).
While the ARMS group displayed significantly greater maladaptive schematic beliefs and more severe symptomatology, the associations between schematic beliefs, symptoms of negative affect and paranoia did not differ as a consequence of ARMS status.
While meeting the ARMS criteria is associated with experiencing more maladaptive cognitions and more negative symptomatology among at-risk youth, the associations between these cognitive beliefs and symptoms may be similar for youth who do not meet ARMS. These findings have implications for broadening the scope of at-risk/high-risk and for developing effective interventions for young people presenting with emerging difficulties.
精神病症状的减轻是高危精神状态的核心特征。然而，亚阈值水平的偏执在非精神病人群中也很常见。目前，人们对处于高危状态的年轻人的偏执观念体验背后的过程是否因符合精神病高危状态（ARMS）标准而有所不同知之甚少。
本研究采用路径分析技术，考察了两组之间的 schematic 信念、负性情绪与偏执体验之间的关系：一组符合 ARMS（n=133）标准，另一组表现出新兴的复杂心理健康困难，但不符合 ARMS 标准（n=137）。
尽管 ARMS 组表现出明显更多的适应不良 schematic 信念和更严重的症状，但 schematic 信念、负性情绪症状和偏执之间的关联并不因 ARMS 状态而不同。
虽然符合 ARMS 标准与高危青年经历更多的适应不良认知和更严重的负性症状有关，但这些认知信念和症状之间的关联对于不符合 ARMS 的青年可能是相似的。这些发现对拓宽高危/高风险的范围以及为出现新困难的年轻人开发有效的干预措施具有重要意义。
