De Paschale Massimo, Pavia Claudia, Cerulli Teresa, Cagnin Debora, Manco Maria T, Belvisi Luisa, Paganini Alessia, Pogliani Laura, Ceriani Elena, Porta Alessandro, Parola Luciana, Mirri Paola, Osnaghi Bianca, Vismara Laura, Clerici Pierangelo
Microbiology Unit, Hospital of Legnano, ASST Ovest Milanese, Milan, Italy.
Pediatric Unit, Hospital of Legnano, ASST Ovest Milanese, Milan, Italy.
J Med Virol. 2022 Nov;94(11):5409-5414. doi: 10.1002/jmv.27963. Epub 2022 Jul 6.
Parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection in pregnancy is mostly asymptomatic, but can cause complications including abortion and fetal hydrops. Although its infection is ubiquitous, seroprevalence among pregnant women varies according to different geographical areas. Since seroprevalence data in Italy are limited, the prevalence of antibodies and DNA in pregnant women was evaluated retrospectively, correlating the clinical situation of mothers and newborns. One thousand eight hundred and ninety-three sequential sera were examined from pregnant women (60.8% in the first trimester, 16.6% in the second one, and 22.6% in the third one, respectively) for anti-B19V IgG and IgM (confirmed by immunoblot); 1402 (74.1%) were of Italian origin and 491 (25.9%) non-Italian women. Molecular tests were used to search for viral genome. One thousand three hundred and fifteen (69.5%) samples were IgG-positive, 21 (1.1%) IgM-positive, and 578 (30.5%) nonimmune. The difference in IgG seroprevalence between Italian (71.1%) and non-Italian women (64.8%) was statistically significant. Of the 21 IgM-positive women, 16 were confirmed positive also by immunoblot (prevalence: 0.8%), of which 11 were viraemic (prevalence: 0.6%; mean 1.3 × 10 geq/ml). Mothers were asymptomatic, and the newborns had no clinical signs of congenital infection. IgG seroprevalence in Italy is high, with differences between Italian women and non-Italian women from geographic areas with lower endemic levels of B19V. The consistent migratory flows in place could lead to an increase in the number of susceptible women. The prevalence of viremia is low, and has not been associated with evident fetal damage at birth.
孕期感染细小病毒B19（B19V）大多无症状，但可导致包括流产和胎儿水肿在内的并发症。尽管其感染普遍存在，但孕妇中的血清阳性率因不同地理区域而异。由于意大利的血清阳性率数据有限，我们回顾性评估了孕妇中抗体和DNA的流行情况，并将母亲和新生儿的临床情况进行关联分析。我们检测了1893例孕妇的连续血清样本（分别为孕早期60.8%、孕中期16.6%、孕晚期22.6%）中的抗B19V IgG和IgM（通过免疫印迹法确认）；其中1402例（74.1%）为意大利籍女性，491例（25.9%）为非意大利籍女性。采用分子检测方法寻找病毒基因组。1315例（69.5%）样本IgG阳性，21例（1.1%）IgM阳性，578例（30.5%）为非免疫状态。意大利籍女性（71.1%）和非意大利籍女性（64.8%）之间的IgG血清阳性率差异具有统计学意义。在21例IgM阳性女性中，16例经免疫印迹法也确认为阳性（流行率：0.8%），其中11例病毒血症阳性（流行率：0.6%；平均1.3×10 geq/ml）。母亲无症状，新生儿无先天性感染的临床体征。意大利的IgG血清阳性率较高，意大利籍女性与来自B19V地方流行水平较低地理区域的非意大利籍女性之间存在差异。持续的移民流动可能导致易感女性数量增加。病毒血症的流行率较低，且与出生时明显的胎儿损伤无关。
