R Saranya, R Chandini, Mohideen Khadijah, Adtani Pooja N, Subramani Vijayanirmala, Balasubramaniam Murali
Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, IND.
Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, ARE.
Cureus. 2022 May 27;14(5):e25384. doi: 10.7759/cureus.25384. eCollection 2022 May.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most widespread oral malignancy. In the western world, smoking and alcohol remain the most common risk factors, whereas smokeless tobacco and areca nut consumption are the prevalent etiological factors in South Asia. Numerous markers were studied till date to identify the disease. However, the role of sex hormones in OSCC is poorly defined. Hormonal receptors play a role in breast cancer, prostate cancer, and human papillomavirus (HPV) driven oropharyngeal cancers. It is proven that the expression of estrogen receptor-α improved the overall survival of the patient with HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer. Thus, this review article aims to determine the expression of sex hormones by immunohistochemistry in OSCC. This systematic review was performed with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement Criteria 2020. Relevant articles were collected from the electronic database in PubMed and Cochrane till 2021. Immunohistochemical studies on sex hormones and their role in OSCC published in English literature were included. We excluded case reports, case series, and abstract-only articles. The sample size of the selected studies varied, and these studies measured the parameters such as sex hormones and OSCC. Furthermore, all the studies used different sex hormones and their association with oral cancer through the immunohistochemical process. Thus, this review summarizes that sex hormones influence the biopathology of oral cancer and have a prognostic significance in the tumor subgroups.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是最常见的口腔恶性肿瘤。在西方世界，吸烟和饮酒仍然是最常见的风险因素，而在南亚，无烟烟草和槟榔消费是主要的病因。迄今为止，人们研究了许多标志物来识别这种疾病。然而，性激素在OSCC中的作用尚不清楚。激素受体在乳腺癌、前列腺癌以及人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）驱动的口咽癌中发挥作用。已证实雌激素受体-α的表达改善了HPV阳性口咽癌患者的总生存期。因此，这篇综述文章旨在通过免疫组织化学确定OSCC中性激素的表达。本系统评价按照2020年系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）声明标准进行。截至2021年，从PubMed和Cochrane电子数据库中收集相关文章。纳入了英文文献中发表的关于性激素及其在OSCC中作用的免疫组织化学研究。我们排除了病例报告、病例系列和仅为摘要的文章。所选研究的样本量各不相同，这些研究测量了性激素和OSCC等参数。此外，所有研究都使用了不同的性激素，并通过免疫组织化学方法研究了它们与口腔癌的关联。因此，本综述总结认为，性激素影响口腔癌的生物病理学，并且在肿瘤亚组中具有预后意义。
