Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Trends Cancer. 2022 Oct;8(10):870-880. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.06.001. Epub 2022 Jun 27.
Cancer immunotherapies, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, are rapidly becoming standard-of-care for many cancers. The ascendance of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment and limitations in the accurate prediction of clinical response thereof have provided significant impetus to develop preclinical models that can guide therapeutic intervention. Traditional organoid culture methods that exclusively grow tumor epithelium as patient-derived organoids are under investigation as a personalized platform for drug discovery and for predicting clinical efficacy of chemotherapies and targeted agents. Recently, the patient-derived tumor organoid platform has evolved to contain more complex stromal and immune compartments needed to assess immunotherapeutic efficacy. We review the different methodologies for developing a more holistic patient-derived tumor organoid platform and for modeling the native immune tumor microenvironment.
癌症免疫疗法，特别是免疫检查点抑制剂，正在迅速成为许多癌症的标准治疗方法。免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的兴起和对临床反应的准确预测的局限性，为开发能够指导治疗干预的临床前模型提供了巨大的动力。正在研究将肿瘤上皮细胞作为患者来源的类器官进行培养的传统类器官培养方法，作为药物发现和预测化疗和靶向药物临床疗效的个性化平台。最近，患者来源的肿瘤类器官平台已经发展到包含更复杂的基质和免疫成分，以评估免疫治疗的疗效。我们回顾了开发更全面的患者来源肿瘤类器官平台和模拟天然免疫肿瘤微环境的不同方法。
