Camafort Miguel, Chung Wook-Jin, Shin Jin-Ho
ESH Excellence Hypertension Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Section, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Research Group on Cardiovascular Risk, Nutrition and Aging, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Clin Hypertens. 2022 Jul 1;28(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s40885-022-00205-6.
Arterial hypertension is facing some changes in the last years. Its prevalence is increasing in elderly subjects. This growing prevalence is due to longer survival of the population worldwide, among other factors. On the other hand, recent guidelines have insisted in the relevance of out of office blood pressure measurements, to improve diagnostic and management of hypertension. Therefore, elderly subjects with hypertension could benefit from out of office blood pressure measurements, like ambulatory blood pressure measurements; nevertheless, there are very few or no specific recommendations regarding this.
In this review, we will gather the most important information about this subject.
As hypertension in the elderly has some specific characteristics related to aging of the cardiovascular system, the most important aspect could be that these characteristics make ambulatory blood pressure measurement suitable for its use in elderly. Among those a higher prevalence of white coat hypertension, white coat phenomenon, and a higher nocturnal blood pressure and higher prevalence of nondipper and riser pattern, represent aspects that should be considered for better diagnostic and an improved management.
As the prevalence of hypertension will grow in the next years, more studies specifically directed to this subject are needed.
近年来动脉高血压正面临一些变化。其在老年人群中的患病率正在上升。除其他因素外，这种患病率的上升归因于全球人口寿命的延长。另一方面，最近的指南强调了诊室外血压测量对于改善高血压诊断和管理的相关性。因此，老年高血压患者可能会从诊室外血压测量中受益，如动态血压测量；然而，关于这方面的具体建议很少或几乎没有。
在本综述中，我们将收集有关该主题的最重要信息。
由于老年高血压具有一些与心血管系统老化相关的特定特征，最重要的方面可能是这些特征使动态血压测量适用于老年人。其中，白大衣高血压、白大衣现象的较高患病率，以及较高的夜间血压和非勺型及反勺型模式的较高患病率，是为了更好地诊断和改善管理而应考虑的方面。
鉴于未来几年高血压患病率将会上升，需要有更多专门针对该主题的研究。
