Department of Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2022 Dec;56(12):1529-1534. doi: 10.1177/00048674221107316. Epub 2022 Jul 2.
Suicide deaths have a profound impact on whānau and community and are a tragic loss. However, from a statistical point of view, suicide is a relatively rare event. Predicting rare events is difficult, and the implications for suicide prevention were highlighted in an important editorial in this journal more than a decade ago, yet little seems to have changed. Risk assessment that focuses on accurate prediction of suicide in real-world contexts is given a great deal of attention in mental health services, despite the fact that current scientific knowledge and best practice guidelines in this area highlight that it is unlikely to be a good basis on which to provide access to treatment. It is our view that we have a good enough understanding of the common conditions people who struggle with suicidal distress experience and energy is better directed at acting to reduce exposure to these conditions and providing treatment for those who seek it. Blueprints for successful suicide prevention exist. If we lessen the focus on prediction, we will have greater resources to focus on treatment and prevention.
自杀死亡对家庭和社区有深远影响,是一种悲惨的损失。然而,从统计学的角度来看,自杀是一种相对罕见的事件。预测罕见事件是困难的,十多年前,本杂志的一篇重要社论强调了这一点,然而似乎几乎没有什么变化。尽管当前该领域的科学知识和最佳实践指南强调,这不太可能成为提供治疗机会的良好基础,但心理健康服务中非常关注关注自杀风险评估,以准确预测现实环境中的自杀。我们认为,我们对那些与自杀困扰作斗争的人所经历的常见情况有足够的了解,将精力更好地集中在减少接触这些情况并为寻求治疗的人提供治疗上。成功预防自杀的蓝图已经存在。如果我们减少对预测的关注,我们将有更多的资源来关注治疗和预防。