Faculty of Sciences, Plant, Soil, Environment Interactions Laboratory, University of El Manar, Campus Academia, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia.
National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), Laboratory of Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, University of Carthage, LR11INRAT06, 1004, Rue Hedi Karray, El-Menzah, 1004, Tunis, Tunisia.
Chem Biodivers. 2022 Aug;19(8):e202200134. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202200134. Epub 2022 Jul 15.
The lichen's special symbiotic structure enables it to produce bioactive substances. They have historically been recognized for their aesthetic and medicinal benefits. Furthermore, in recent years, they have performed in various fields, including perfumery, dyeing, and pharmacology due to their rich secondary metabolites. From our study, four compounds were isolated from organic extracts of Parmotrema hypoleucinum, Roccella phycopsis, and Xanthoria parietina and identified by spectroscopic investigation as atranorin, (+)-iso-usnic acid, methyl orsellinate, and parietin, respectively. The anti-inflammatory effects of lichens extracts, and pure compounds were evaluated on RAW 264.7 macrophages cells at different concentrations. At 25 μg/mL all treated samples did not show any effect on cell viability. Atranorin and (+)-iso-usnic acid showed an inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) levels in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. Nitric oxide (NO) production was measured using Griess reagent, atranorin and (+)-iso-usnic acid showed a high anti-inflammatory potential (75.99 % and 57.27 % at 25 μg/mL). On the other hand, methyl orsellinate and the organic extracts of three lichens showed good anti-inflammatory activity ranging from 29.16 % at 25 μg/mL to 86.91 % at 100 μg/mL.
地衣的特殊共生结构使其能够产生生物活性物质。由于其丰富的次生代谢物，它们在历史上一直因其美学和药用价值而受到认可。此外，近年来，由于其丰富的次生代谢物，它们在香水、染色和药理学等各个领域都有表现。在我们的研究中，从地卷衣、拟盘多毛孢和石黄皮中分离出四种化合物，通过光谱研究分别鉴定为无羁萜、（+）-异松萝酸、甲基棓酸和石黄皮素。地衣提取物和纯化合物的抗炎作用在不同浓度下在 RAW 264.7 巨噬细胞上进行了评估。在 25μg/mL 时，所有处理的样品对细胞活力均无影响。无羁萜和（+）-异松萝酸对脂多糖（LPS）刺激的巨噬细胞中一氧化氮（NO）水平有抑制作用。用Griess 试剂测量一氧化氮（NO）的产生，无羁萜和（+）-异松萝酸表现出很高的抗炎潜力（在 25μg/mL 时为 75.99%和 57.27%）。另一方面，甲基棓酸和三种地衣的有机提取物在 25μg/mL 时表现出良好的抗炎活性，范围为 29.16%至 100μg/mL 时为 86.91%。
