Jonker Nicole, van der Cruijsen Carin, Bijlsma Michiel, Bolt Wilko
De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB), The Netherlands.
SEO Amsterdam Economics, The Netherlands.
J Bank Financ. 2022 Oct;143:106593. doi: 10.1016/j.jbankfin.2022.106593. Epub 2022 Jun 30.
COVID-19 has temporarily changed the relative costs and benefits of different payment methods: cash has become more costly in terms of health risks, ease of use and likelihood of acceptance, whereas debit card usage has become less costly. As a result, consumers have shifted away from cash. Based on unique daily payment diary survey data collected between January 2018 and December 2021 amongst a representative panel of Dutch consumers, we study the shift in payment behaviour and payment preferences during two lockdown periods in the Netherlands in 2020 and 2021. Since the start of the first lockdown the likelihood of debit card usage at the expense of cash has increased by 12 percentage points compared to its trend level. About 60 percent of this shift on top of the autonomous trend persisted several months after the end of the first lockdown and part of it has persisted several months after the end of the second lockdown. The results indicate that the pandemic accelerated the increased usage of debit card at the POS, especially during the first pandemic year. Also, the pandemic has resulted in a shift in payment preferences towards more contactless payments. Both effects are largest for elderly people.
就健康风险、易用性和被接受的可能性而言，现金的成本变得更高，而使用借记卡的成本则降低了。因此，消费者减少了现金的使用。基于2018年1月至2021年12月期间在一组具有代表性的荷兰消费者中收集的独特的每日支付日记调查数据，我们研究了2020年和2021年荷兰两次封锁期间支付行为和支付偏好的变化。自第一次封锁开始以来，借记卡使用量以牺牲现金为代价的可能性比其趋势水平增加了12个百分点。在第一次封锁结束后的几个月里，这种在自主趋势之上的转变中约60%持续存在，并且其中一部分在第二次封锁结束后的几个月里也持续存在。结果表明，疫情加速了借记卡在线下销售点的使用增加，尤其是在疫情的第一年。此外，疫情还导致支付偏好转向更多的非接触式支付。这两种影响对老年人来说最为明显。
