Meier Benjamin Mason, Raw Martin, Shelley Donna, Bostic Chris, Gupta Anahita, Romeo-Stuppy Kelsey, Huber Laurent
Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Addiction. 2023 Mar;118(3):399-406. doi: 10.1111/add.15990. Epub 2022 Jul 28.
The World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) seeks to realize the right to health through national tobacco control policies. However, few states have met their obligations under Article 14 of the FCTC to develop evidence-based policies to support tobacco cessation. This article examines how human rights obligations could provide a legal and moral basis for states to implement greater support for individuals to overcome their addiction to tobacco.
The United Nations (UN) has a well-established legal framework for promoting human rights, looking to the right to health to realize health autonomy. Where addiction undermines autonomy, it is widely acknowledged that addiction presents a significant barrier to cessation for individuals who use tobacco, undermining the right to health. The UN human rights system could, therefore, provide a complementary basis for monitoring state obligations under Article 14 of the FCTC, identifying challenges to FCTC implementation and motivating states to support tobacco cessation.
The United Nations' human rights system offers a mechanism that could be used to monitor Framework Convention on Tobacco Control implementation in national policy, facilitating accountability for the progressive realization of cessation support.
世界卫生组织（WHO）的《烟草控制框架公约》（FCTC）旨在通过国家烟草控制政策实现健康权。然而，很少有国家履行《烟草控制框架公约》第14条规定的义务，即制定基于证据的政策以支持戒烟。本文探讨人权义务如何能为各国加大对个人克服烟草成瘾的支持提供法律和道德依据。
联合国拥有完善的促进人权的法律框架，期望通过健康权实现健康自主权。成瘾会损害自主权，众所周知，成瘾对吸烟人群的戒烟构成重大障碍，损害了健康权。因此，联合国人权体系可为监督各国根据《烟草控制框架公约》第14条承担的义务、识别《烟草控制框架公约》实施过程中的挑战以及激励各国支持戒烟提供补充依据。
联合国人权体系提供了一种机制，可用于监测国家政策中《烟草控制框架公约》 的实施情况，促进对逐步实现戒烟支持的问责。
