Department of Psychiatry, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montréal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.
Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000, U1219, Bordeaux, France.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2022 Nov;57(11):2251-2260. doi: 10.1007/s00127-022-02329-4. Epub 2022 Jul 6.
The aim of this study was to (1) investigate the association of parental death and illness with suicidal ideation using a large sample of university students and (2) test whether associations were moderated by perceived family support.
We used data from N = 15,008 French university students enrolled in the i-Share cohort (mean age, 20.5 years; 77% women). Students self-reported information on parental death, including the cause, parental illness (cardiovascular, stroke, cancer, depression/anxiety, alcohol abuse), and perceived family support during childhood/adolescence. Twelve-month suicidal ideation was self-reported and categorized into no, occasional, and frequent ideation.
Occasional and frequent suicidal ideation were, respectively, reported by 2692 (17.5%) and 699 (4.6%) students. After adjustment for age, gender, and parental education, we found associations between parental death and risk of occasional and frequent suicidal ideation (respectively, RR = 1.98 [1.81-2.17] and RR = 2.73 [2.30-3.24]). Parental deaths from illness, accidents, and suicides had the strongest associations. We also found associations for parental depression/anxiety (occasional, RR = 1.98 [1.81-2.17]; frequent, RR = 2.73 [2.30-3.24]), alcohol use problems (occasional, RR = 1.71 [1.5-1.94]; frequent, RR = 2.33 [1.89-2.87]), and cardiovascular diseases (occasional, RR = 1.22 [1.06-1.40]; frequent, RR = 1.83 [1.47-2.27]). For participants who experienced parental death and stroke, associations with occasional and frequent suicidal ideation (respectively) increased as perceived family support increased (Ps ≤ 0.005).
Students who experienced parental death and common parental illnesses were at risk of reporting suicidal ideation, especially if their family were perceived as an important source of support. As information on parental death or illness can be routinely collected during health visits, attention should be paid to students reporting such experiences.
本研究旨在：（1）利用大量大学生样本，调查父母死亡和患病与自杀意念的关联；（2）检验感知家庭支持是否调节这种关联。
我们使用了 i-Share 队列中 N=15008 名法国大学生的数据（平均年龄为 20.5 岁，77%为女性）。学生报告了父母死亡的信息，包括原因、父母患病（心血管疾病、中风、癌症、抑郁/焦虑、酗酒）和童年/青少年时期感知到的家庭支持情况。12 个月的自杀意念通过自我报告进行分类，分为无、偶尔有和经常有。
分别有 2692（17.5%）和 699（4.6%）名学生报告偶尔和经常有自杀意念。在调整年龄、性别和父母教育程度后，我们发现父母死亡与偶尔和经常自杀意念的风险相关（分别为 RR=1.98[1.81-2.17]和 RR=2.73[2.30-3.24]）。父母因病、意外或自杀而死亡与风险关联最强。我们还发现父母抑郁/焦虑（偶尔，RR=1.98[1.81-2.17]；经常，RR=2.73[2.30-3.24]）、酗酒问题（偶尔，RR=1.71[1.5-1.94]；经常，RR=2.33[1.89-2.87]）和心血管疾病（偶尔，RR=1.22[1.06-1.40]；经常，RR=1.83[1.47-2.27]）与风险相关。对于经历过父母死亡和中风的参与者，随着感知到的家庭支持增加，偶尔和经常自杀意念的关联（分别）增加（Ps≤0.005）。
经历过父母死亡和常见父母疾病的学生有报告自杀意念的风险，尤其是当他们的家庭被视为重要的支持来源时。由于父母死亡或患病的信息可以在健康检查中常规收集，因此应关注报告此类经历的学生。
