Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
Biomater Sci. 2022 Aug 9;10(16):4378-4391. doi: 10.1039/d2bm00447j.
There is an unmet need for carriers that can deliver nucleic acids (NAs) to cancer cells and tumors to perpetuate gene regulation and manage disease progression. Membrane-wrapped nanoparticles (NPs) can be loaded with exogenously designed nucleic acid cargoes, such as plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (pDNA), messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs), to mitigate challenges presented by NAs' undesirable negative charge, hydrophilicity, and relatively large size. By conjugating or encapsulating NAs within membrane-wrapped NPs, various physiological barriers can be overcome so that NAs experience increased blood circulation half-lives and enhanced accumulation in intended sites. This review discusses the status of membrane-wrapped NPs as NA delivery vehicles and their advancement in gene regulation for cancer management and . With continued development, membrane-wrapped NPs have great potential as future clinical tools to treat cancer and other diseases with a known genetic basis.
目前，人们对能够将核酸（NAs）递送至癌细胞和肿瘤部位的载体存在未被满足的需求，以实现基因调控并控制疾病进展。膜包裹的纳米颗粒（NPs）可以负载外源设计的核酸货物，如质粒脱氧核糖核酸（pDNA）、信使核糖核酸（mRNA）、小干扰 RNA（siRNA）、微 RNA（miRNA）和免疫刺激性 CpG 寡脱氧核苷酸（CpG ODN），以减轻 NAs 带负电荷、亲水性和相对较大尺寸带来的不良影响。通过将 NAs 共轭或封装在膜包裹的 NPs 中，可以克服各种生理屏障，从而使 NAs 的血液循环半衰期延长，并在预期部位积累增强。本文讨论了膜包裹的 NPs 作为 NAs 递药载体的现状及其在癌症管理中的基因调控方面的进展。随着不断发展，膜包裹的 NPs 具有很大的潜力成为未来治疗癌症和其他具有已知遗传基础疾病的临床工具。
