Department of Sociology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2023 Sep;53(9):3475-3492. doi: 10.1007/s10803-022-05632-w. Epub 2022 Jul 7.
This study evaluated the association of autistic traits (RAADS-14) with academic and social outcomes among college students using data from an online survey (N = 2,736). In the academic domain, the total trait score and all subscale scores (mentalizing deficits, social anxiety, sensory reactivity) were associated with course failure and academic difficulties independent of an autism diagnosis; the total score and mentalizing deficits also predicted lower grade point average (GPA). In the social domain, the total trait score and subscale scores were associated with lower odds of having a confidant, lower friendship quality, and higher odds of social exclusion. Subgroup analyses revealed that autistic traits had more consistently negative associations with social outcomes for students without an autism diagnosis than for students with a diagnosis. Associations were also more often significant for women than men. These results support the development of programs and services for students with autistic traits regardless of diagnostic status.
本研究使用在线调查（N=2736）的数据，评估了自闭症特质（RAADS-14）与大学生学业和社交成果之间的关联。在学业领域，特质总分和所有分量表得分（心理化缺陷、社交焦虑、感觉反应）与课程不及格和学业困难有关，与自闭症诊断无关；总分和心理化缺陷也预测了较低的平均绩点（GPA）。在社交领域，特质总分和分量表得分与拥有知己的可能性较低、友谊质量较低以及社交排斥的可能性较高有关。亚组分析表明，对于没有自闭症诊断的学生，自闭症特质与社交结果的负面关联更为一致，而对于有诊断的学生则不然。女性的关联往往比男性更为显著。这些结果支持为具有自闭症特质的学生制定计划和服务，无论其诊断状况如何。
