MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022 Jul 8;71(27):873-877. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7127a1.
At least 100,000 persons in the United States experience a fatal or nonfatal firearm injury each year.* CDC examined rates of firearm injury emergency department (ED) visits by community social vulnerability using data from CDC's Firearm Injury Surveillance Through Emergency Rooms (FASTER) program. ED visit data, shared with CDC's National Syndromic Surveillance Program (NSSP) during 2018-2021, were analyzed for 647 counties in 10 FASTER-funded jurisdictions. County-level social vulnerability data were obtained from the 2018 Social Vulnerability Index (SVI).** Rates of ED visits for firearm injuries (number of firearm injury ED visits per 100,000 ED visits) were calculated across tertile levels of social vulnerability. Negative binomial regression models were used to estimate rate ratios (RRs) and associated 95% CIs comparing rates of ED visits across social vulnerability levels. During 2018-2021, compared with rates in counties with low overall social vulnerability, the firearm injury ED visit rate was 1.34 times as high in counties with medium social vulnerability and 1.80 times as high in counties with high social vulnerability. Similar patterns were observed for the SVI themes of socioeconomic status and housing type and transportation, but not for the themes of household composition and disability status or racial and ethnic minority status and language proficiency. More timely data on firearm injury ED visits by social vulnerability can help identify communities disproportionately experiencing elevated firearm injury rates. States and communities can use the best available evidence to implement comprehensive prevention strategies that address inequities in the social and structural conditions that contribute to risk for violence, including creating protective community environments, strengthening economic supports, and intervening to reduce harms and prevent future risk (e.g., with hospital-based violence intervention programs) (1,2).
每年至少有 10 万名美国人遭受致命或非致命的枪支伤害。* CDC 使用 CDC 的通过急诊室进行枪支伤害监测（FASTER）计划的数据，检查了社区社会脆弱性的枪支伤害急诊（ED）就诊率。在 2018 年至 2021 年期间，与 CDC 的国家综合症状监测计划（NSSP）共享的 ED 就诊数据，针对 10 个 FASTER 资助司法管辖区的 647 个县进行了分析。县级社会脆弱性数据来自 2018 年社会脆弱性指数（SVI）。** 枪支伤害 ED 就诊率（每 10 万 ED 就诊中枪支伤害 ED 就诊数）按社会脆弱性三分位水平计算。使用负二项回归模型估计了社会脆弱性水平之间 ED 就诊率的比率比（RR）和相关 95%置信区间（CI）。在 2018 年至 2021 年期间，与整体社会脆弱性水平较低的县相比，社会脆弱性水平中等的县的枪支伤害 ED 就诊率高 1.34 倍，社会脆弱性水平较高的县的枪支伤害 ED 就诊率高 1.80 倍。SVI 的社会经济地位和住房类型以及交通主题观察到类似的模式，但家庭构成和残疾状况或种族和族裔少数群体地位和语言熟练程度主题则不然。按社会脆弱性分类的枪支伤害 ED 就诊的更及时数据有助于确定不成比例地经历枪支伤害率升高的社区。各州和社区可以利用现有的最佳证据，实施全面的预防策略，解决导致暴力风险的社会和结构性条件中的不平等问题，包括创造保护性社区环境、加强经济支持以及进行干预以减少伤害并防止未来的风险（例如，通过基于医院的暴力干预计划）（1，2）。
