Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, AUSTRALIA.
Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2022 Nov 1;54(11):1911-1918. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002990. Epub 2022 Jul 8.
To promote greater muscular strength across the life course and, in turn, help improve long-term health outcomes, strategies aimed at increasing muscular strength are required. To inform these strategies, this study identified childhood factors associated with muscular strength trajectories.
Prospective longitudinal study of 1280 Childhood Determinants of Adult Health participants who had a range of potentially modifiable factors (e.g., anthropometric measures, physical activity) and health and risk motivation items (e.g., attitudes, beliefs, and intentions on health-related actions) measured in childhood and had their muscular strength assessed up to three times between childhood and midlife. Associations between childhood factors and three predetermined life course muscular strength trajectories (identified previously using group-base trajectory modeling as follows: above average and increasing, average, and below average and decreasing) were examined using log multinomial regression.
Greater physical fitness, physical activity, fat-free mass, enjoyment of physical activity, physical education, and school sports, and positive attitudes regarding the importance of exercising, staying fit, and body image were associated with a lower likelihood of being in the below average and decreasing muscular strength trajectory (relative risk range, 0.45-0.98). Greater physical fitness, physical activity, and fat-free mass, and attending an independent school were associated with a higher likelihood of being in the above average and increasing muscular strength trajectory (relative risk range, 1.03-1.93).
In addition to providing health benefits in the short term, physical activity, physical fitness, positive health attitudes, and healthy weight in childhood may lead to better muscular strength in the long term.
为了提高整个生命周期的肌肉力量，进而帮助改善长期健康结果，需要制定旨在增强肌肉力量的策略。为了制定这些策略，本研究确定了与肌肉力量轨迹相关的儿童时期因素。
对 1280 名“儿童期决定成人健康”参与者进行前瞻性纵向研究，这些参与者有一系列潜在可改变的因素（例如，人体测量指标、体力活动）和健康及风险动机项目（例如，对与健康相关行为的态度、信念和意图），这些因素在儿童时期进行测量，并在儿童期和中年期之间进行了多达三次的肌肉力量评估。使用对数多项回归检查儿童时期因素与三种预先确定的生命过程肌肉力量轨迹（先前使用基于群组的轨迹建模确定如下：高于平均水平且不断增加、平均水平和低于平均水平且不断减少）之间的关联。
更好的身体健康、体力活动、去脂体重、对体力活动的享受、体育教育和学校体育，以及对锻炼、保持健康和身体形象重要性的积极态度，与处于较低水平和减少肌肉力量轨迹的可能性降低相关（相对风险范围，0.45-0.98）。更好的身体健康、体力活动和去脂体重，以及就读于独立学校，与处于较高水平和增加肌肉力量轨迹的可能性增加相关（相对风险范围，1.03-1.93）。
除了在短期内提供健康益处外，儿童时期的体力活动、身体健康、积极的健康态度和健康体重可能会导致长期更好的肌肉力量。
