León-Reyes Borys Bismark, Galeano-Rojas Dilan, Gámez-Vílchez Manuel, Farias-Valenzuela Claudio, Hinojosa-Torres Claudio, Valdivia-Moral Pedro
Facultad de Educación, Universidad Estatal de Milagro UNEMI, Machala 070201, Ecuador.
Department of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression Didactics, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Children (Basel). 2025 May 12;12(5):623. doi: 10.3390/children12050623.
With the increasing prevalence of sedentary lifestyles and childhood obesity, physical activity and exercise have emerged as essential pillars of health promotion in childhood. In this context, schools play a fundamental role as key players in the implementation of interventions that promote healthy habits and a more physically active life.
The purpose of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of the benefits of strength training in primary school students.
The review was carried out using the Web of Science and Scopus databases, following the guidelines of the PRISMA statement and a PICO strategy. The studies were selected according to different inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 11 scientific articles published in English during the last 5 years (2020-2024). The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the STROBE checklist.
The results suggest that strength training with elementary school students improves physical and motor performance variables, as well as cognitive, psychosocial and health variables. Likewise, it can be observed that plyometric strength-training methods and unilateral and combined programs with aerobic and motor skills training are highly effective and favor adherence to physical exercise. This also demonstrates the importance and necessity of developing motor coordination skills from an early age, since they represent a determining factor in strength training as the exercises become more specific and complex.
In conclusion, implementing strength training programs in primary education confers several benefits at an integral level for the students and is crucial to improving the lifestyle and quality of life of students.
随着久坐不动的生活方式和儿童肥胖症的日益普遍，体育活动和锻炼已成为促进儿童健康的重要支柱。在这种背景下，学校作为促进健康习惯和更积极生活方式干预措施实施的关键参与者，发挥着基础性作用。
本研究的目的是对小学生力量训练的益处进行系统综述。
按照PRISMA声明和PICO策略的指导方针，使用科学网和Scopus数据库进行综述。根据不同的纳入和排除标准选择研究，最终得到过去5年（2020 - 2024年）以英文发表的11篇科学文章。使用STROBE清单评估研究的方法学质量。
结果表明，对小学生进行力量训练可改善身体和运动表现变量，以及认知、心理社会和健康变量。同样，可以观察到，增强式力量训练方法以及有氧和运动技能训练的单侧和联合方案非常有效，且有利于坚持体育锻炼。这也证明了从小培养运动协调技能的重要性和必要性，因为随着锻炼变得更加具体和复杂，运动协调技能是力量训练的一个决定性因素。
总之，在小学教育中实施力量训练计划对学生在整体层面带来诸多益处，对于改善学生的生活方式和生活质量至关重要。
