Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China.
Chemosphere. 2022 Nov;306:135573. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135573. Epub 2022 Jul 4.
The pollution of microplastics (MPs) in soil has become a global environmental problem. Due to high sorption capacity and persistence in environment, the MPs exhibit combined effects with organic pollutants in soil, thereby posing a potential risk to soil ecology and human health. However, limited reviews are available on this subject. Therefore, in response to this issue, this review provides an in-depth account of interaction of MPs with organic contaminants in soil and the combined risks to soil environment. The sorption of organic contaminants onto MPs is mainly through hydrophobic and π-π interactions, hydrogen bonding, pore filling and electrostatic and van der Waals forces. The intrinsic characteristics of MPs, organic contaminants and soil are the key factors influencing the sorption of organic pollutants onto MPs. Importantly, the presence of MPs changes the sorption, degradation and transport behaviors of organic contaminants in soil, and affects the toxic effects of organic contaminants on soil organisms including animals, plants and soil microorganisms through synergistic or antagonistic effects. Source control, policy implementation and plastic removal are the main preventive and control measures to reduce soil MPs pollution. Finally, priorities for future research are proposed, such as field investigations of co-pollution, contribution of plastisphere to organic contaminant degradation, and mechanisms of MPs effects on organic contaminant toxicity.
土壤中微塑料（MPs）的污染已成为全球性的环境问题。由于 MPs 在环境中具有高吸附能力和持久性，它们与土壤中的有机污染物表现出协同作用，从而对土壤生态和人类健康构成潜在风险。然而，关于这一主题的综述有限。因此，针对这一问题，本综述深入探讨了 MPs 与土壤中有机污染物的相互作用以及对土壤环境的综合风险。有机污染物在 MPs 上的吸附主要通过疏水和π-π相互作用、氢键、孔填充以及静电和范德华力实现。 MPs、有机污染物和土壤的固有特性是影响有机污染物在 MPs 上吸附的关键因素。重要的是， MPs 的存在改变了土壤中有机污染物的吸附、降解和迁移行为，并通过协同或拮抗作用影响有机污染物对土壤生物（包括动物、植物和土壤微生物）的毒性作用。源头控制、政策实施和塑料去除是减少土壤 MPs 污染的主要预防和控制措施。最后，提出了未来研究的重点，如共污染的野外调查、塑料圈对有机污染物降解的贡献以及 MPs 对有机污染物毒性影响的机制。
