Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2022 Oct 6;116(4):897-910. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac189.
Dietary consumption of prunes has favorable impacts on bone health, but more research is necessary to improve upon study designs and refine our understandings.
We evaluated the effects of prunes (50 g or 100 g/d) on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women during a 12-mo dietary intervention. Secondary outcomes include effects on bone biomarkers.
The single-center, parallel-arm 12-mo randomized controlled trial tested the effects of 50 g and 100 g prunes compared with a control group on BMD (every 6 mo) and bone biomarkers in postmenopausal women.
In total, 235 women (age 62.1 ± 5.0 y) were randomly allocated into control (n = 78), 50-g prune (n = 79), or 100-g prune (n = 78) groups. Compliance was 90.2 ± 1.8% and 87.1 ± 2.1% in the 50-g and 100-g prune groups. Dropout was 22%; however, the dropout rate was 41% for the 100-g prune group (compared with other groups: 10%, control; 15%, 50 g prune; P < 0.001). A group × time interaction for total hip BMD was observed in control compared with 50-g prune groups (P < 0.05) but not in control compared with 100-g prune groups (P > 0.05). Total hip BMD decreased -1.1 ± 0.2% in the control group at 12 mo, whereas the 50-g prune group preserved BMD (-0.3 ± 0.2%) at 12 mo (P < 0.05). Although hip fracture risk (FRAX) worsened in the control group at 6 mo compared with baseline (10.3 ± 0.5% compared with 9.8 ± 0.5%, P < 0.05), FRAX score was maintained in the pooled (50 g + 100 g) prune groups.
A 50-g daily dose of prunes can prevent loss of total hip BMD in postmenopausal women after 6 mo, which persisted for 12 mo. Given that there was high compliance and retention at the 50-g dosage over 12 mo, we propose that the 50-g dose represents a valuable nonpharmacologic treatment strategy that can be used to preserve hip BMD in postmenopausal women and possibly reduce hip fracture risk. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02822378.
李子干的饮食摄入对骨骼健康有有利影响，但需要更多的研究来改进研究设计并深化我们的认识。
我们评估了李子干（50 克或 100 克/天）在 12 个月饮食干预期间对绝经后妇女骨密度（BMD）的影响。次要结局包括对骨生物标志物的影响。
这项单中心、平行臂 12 个月随机对照试验测试了 50 克和 100 克李子干与对照组相比对 BMD（每 6 个月一次）和绝经后妇女骨生物标志物的影响。
共有 235 名（年龄 62.1±5.0 岁）女性被随机分配到对照组（n=78）、50 克李子干组（n=79）或 100 克李子干组（n=78）。50 克和 100 克李子干组的依从率分别为 90.2±1.8%和 87.1±2.1%。脱落率为 22%；然而，100 克李子干组的脱落率为 41%（与其他组相比：对照组 10%，50 克李子干组 15%；P<0.001）。与对照组相比，50 克李子干组的总髋部 BMD 存在组间时间交互作用（P<0.05），但与 100 克李子干组相比（P>0.05）则不存在。对照组 12 个月时总髋部 BMD 下降-1.1±0.2%，而 50 克李子干组在 12 个月时保持 BMD（-0.3±0.2%）（P<0.05）。虽然对照组在 6 个月时的髋部骨折风险（FRAX）较基线时恶化（10.3±0.5%比 9.8±0.5%，P<0.05），但在合并（50 克+100 克）李子干组中，FRAX 评分保持不变。
每天摄入 50 克李子干可以防止绝经后妇女在 6 个月后总髋部 BMD 的丢失，并且这种效果可以持续 12 个月。考虑到在 50 克剂量下，12 个月的依从性和保留率都很高，我们提出 50 克剂量是一种有价值的非药物治疗策略，可以用于维持绝经后妇女的髋部 BMD，并可能降低髋部骨折风险。该试验在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册为 NCT02822378。
