de Oliveira Alessandra M R C B, Yu Peiqiang
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.
Anim Biosci. 2023 Mar;36(3):451-460. doi: 10.5713/ab.22.0076. Epub 2022 Jun 30.
This program aimed to reveal the association of feed intrinsic molecular structure with nutrient supply to animals from canola feedstocks and co-products from bio-oil processing. The special objective of this study was to quantify the relationship between molecular spectral feature and nutrient availability and develop nutrient prediction equation with vibrational molecular structure spectral profiles.
The samples of feedstock (canola oil seeds) and co-products (meals and pellets) from different bio-oil processing plants in Canada (CA) and China (CH) were submitted to this molecular spectroscopic technique and their protein and carbohydrate related molecular spectral features were associated with the nutritional results obtained through the conventional methods of analyses for chemical and nutrient profiles, rumen degradable and intestinal digestible parameters.
The results showed that the spectral structural carbohydrates spectral peak area (ca. 1,487.8 to 1,190.8 cm-1) was the carbohydrate structure that was most significant when related to various carbohydrate parameters of canola meals (p<0.05, r>0.50). And spectral total carbohydrate area (ca. 1,198.5 to 934.3 cm-1) was most significant when studying the various carbohydrate parameters of canola seeds (p<0.05, r>0.50). The spectral amide structures (ca. 1,721.2 to 1,480.1 cm-1) were related to a few chemical and nutrient profiles, Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) fractions, truly absorbable nutrient supply based on the Dutch protein system (DVE/OEB), and NRC systems, and intestinal in vitro protein-related parameters in co-products (canola meals). Besides the spectral amide structures, α-helix height (ca. 1,650.8 to 1,643.1 cm-1) and β-sheet height (ca. 1,633.4 to 1,625.7 cm-1), and the ratio between them have shown to be related to many protein-related parameters in feedstock (canola oil seeds). Multiregression analysis resulted in moderate to high R2 values for some protein related equations for feedstock (canola seeds). Protein related equations for canola meals and carbohydrate related equations for canola meals and seeds resulted in weak R2 and low p values (p<0.05).
In conclusion, the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy vibrational molecular spectroscopy can be a useful resource to predict carbohydrate and protein-relates nutritional aspects of canola seeds and meals.
本项目旨在揭示油菜籽原料及生物油加工副产品饲料的内在分子结构与动物营养供应之间的关联。本研究的特殊目的是量化分子光谱特征与养分利用率之间的关系，并利用振动分子结构光谱图建立养分预测方程。
来自加拿大（CA）和中国（CH）不同生物油加工厂的原料（油菜籽）和副产品（粕和颗粒）样本接受了这种分子光谱技术检测，其与蛋白质和碳水化合物相关的分子光谱特征与通过化学和养分剖析、瘤胃可降解和肠道可消化参数的常规分析方法获得的营养结果相关联。
结果表明，光谱结构碳水化合物光谱峰面积（约1487.8至1190.8厘米-1）是与油菜粕各种碳水化合物参数相关时最显著的碳水化合物结构（p<0.0５，r>0.50）。而在研究油菜籽的各种碳水化合物参数时，光谱总碳水化合物面积（约1198.5至934.3厘米-1）最为显著（p<0.05，r>0.50）。光谱酰胺结构（约1721.2至1480.1厘米-1）与一些化学和养分剖析、康奈尔净碳水化合物和蛋白质系统（CNCPS）组分、基于荷兰蛋白质系统（DVE/OEB）的真正可吸收养分供应以及NRC系统，以及副产品（油菜粕）中的肠道体外蛋白质相关参数有关。除光谱酰胺结构外，α-螺旋高度（约1650.8至1643.1厘米-1）和β-折叠高度（约1633.4至1625.7厘米-1）及其比值已显示与原料（油菜籽）中许多蛋白质相关参数有关。多元回归分析得出了一些原料（油菜籽）蛋白质相关方程的R2值为中等至高。油菜粕的蛋白质相关方程以及油菜粕和油菜籽的碳水化合物相关方程得出较弱的R2值和较低的p值（p<0.05）。
总之，衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱振动分子光谱可成为预测油菜籽和粕与碳水化合物及蛋白质相关营养方面的有用资源。
