生物油加工中油菜籽原料及副产品的物理化学和营养成分特征：受来源地影响。
Characterization of physiochemical and nutrient profiles in canola feedstocks and co-products from bio-oil processing: impacted by source origin.
作者信息
de Oliveira Alessandra M R C B, Yu Peiqiang
机构信息
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.
出版信息
Anim Biosci. 2023 Jul;36(7):1044-1058. doi: 10.5713/ab.22.0410. Epub 2023 Feb 26.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to characterize physiochemical and nutrient profiles of feedstock and co-products from canola bio-oil processing that were impacted by source origin. The feedstocks and co-products (mash, pellet) were randomly collected from five different bio-oil processing plants with five different batches of samples in each bio-processing plant in Canada (CA) and China (CH).
METHODS
The detailed chemical composition, energy profile, total digestible nutrient (TDN), protein and carbohydrate subfractions, and their degradation and digestion (CNCPS6.5) were determined.
RESULTS
The results showed that TDN1x was similar in meals between CA and CH. CH meals and feedstock had higher, truly digestible crude protein (tdCP) and neutral detergent fiber (tdNDF) than CA while CA had higher truly digestible non-fiber carbohydrate (tdNFC). The metabolizable energy (ME3x), net energy (NELp3x, NEm3x, and NEg3x) were similar in meals between CA and CH. No differences were observed in energy profile of seeds between CA and CH. The protein and carbohydrate subfractions of seeds within CH were similar. The results also showed that pelleting of meals affected protein sub-fractionation of CA meals, except rapidly degradable fractions (PB1), rumen degradable (RDPB1) and undegrdable PB1 (RUPB1), and intestinal digestible PB1 (DIGPB1). Canola meals were different in the soluble (PA2) and slowly degradable fractions (PB2) between CA and CH. The carbohydrate fractions of intermediately degradable fraction (CB2), slowly degradable fraction (CB3), and undegradable fraction (CC) were different among CH meals. CH presented higher soluble carbohydrate (CA4) and lower CB2, and CC than CA meals.
CONCLUSION
The results indicated that although the seeds were similar within and between CA and CH, either oil-extraction process or meal pelleting seemed to have generated significantly different aspects in physiochemical and nutrient profiles in the meals. Nutritionists and producers need to regularly check nutritional value of meal mash and pellets for precision feeding.
目的
本研究的目的是表征受原料来源影响的油菜籽生物油加工原料和副产品的物理化学和营养特性。原料和副产品（粕、颗粒）从加拿大（CA）和中国（CH）的五个不同生物油加工厂随机收集，每个生物加工厂有五批不同的样品。
方法
测定详细的化学成分、能量特性、总可消化养分（TDN）、蛋白质和碳水化合物亚组分及其降解和消化情况（CNCPS6.5）。
结果
结果表明，CA和CH的粕中TDN1x相似。CH的粕和原料比CA具有更高的真可消化粗蛋白（tdCP）和中性洗涤纤维（tdNDF），而CA具有更高的真可消化非纤维碳水化合物（tdNFC）。CA和CH的粕中代谢能（ME3x）、净能（NELp3x、NEm3x和NEg3x）相似。CA和CH的种子能量特性未观察到差异。CH内种子的蛋白质和碳水化合物亚组分相似。结果还表明，粕的制粒影响了CA粕的蛋白质亚组分划分，除了快速降解组分（PB1）、瘤胃可降解（RDPB1）和不可降解PB1（RUPB1）以及肠道可消化PB1（DIGPB1）。CA和CH的油菜籽粕在可溶性（PA2）和缓慢降解组分（PB2）方面存在差异。CH粕中中度降解组分（CB2）、缓慢降解组分（CB3）和不可降解组分（CC）的碳水化合物组分不同。CH的可溶性碳水化合物（CA4）含量高于CA粕，CB2和CC含量低于CA粕。
结论
结果表明，尽管CA和CH内部以及之间的种子相似，但无论是榨油过程还是粕的制粒似乎都在粕的物理化学和营养特性方面产生了显著差异。营养学家和生产者需要定期检查粕和颗粒的营养价值，以实现精准喂养。
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