Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b: International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
BMJ Open. 2022 Jul 7;12(7):e058927. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058927.
Environmental toxicants such as chemical pollution have an enormous impact on the health of people and the planet. Emerging findings suggest that non-communicable diseases are linked to early and chronic environmental exposures. However, the rapid globalisation in developing countries, environmental change and the emergence, spread, persistence and severity of infectious diseases are not yet well understood. The aim of this study is to understand which environmental toxicants are commonly associated with infectious diseases in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).
A total of four electronic databases, MEDLINE through PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and CENTRAL (the Cochrane Library) be searched to identify relevant studies and will be screened by two independent reviewers. The Cochrane risk of bias (ROB) tool for randomised control trials (RCTs) and ROB assessment tool for non-randomised studies for non-RCTs will be used to assess the ROB. A meta-analysis will be used to determine the pooled effect if we find out the included articles have similar environmental exposure, participant groups, study design and outcome measures. A narrative synthesis of the findings will be provided, along with summaries of the intervention effect. Heterogeneity between the studies will be assessed, and sensitivity analysis will be conducted based on study quality.
Findings will be summarised in a single manuscript. This review attempts to explore the pivotal role of environmental toxicants in predisposing, developing, persistent and severity of infectious diseases in LMICs. Findings from this study will highlight the effects of individual environmental toxicants' role on infectious disease outcomes for the early prevention and limit toxic exposure to guide individual, community, and occupational health policy for future strategies.
CRD42021274359.
环境毒物，如化学污染，对人类和地球的健康有巨大影响。新出现的研究结果表明，非传染性疾病与早期和慢性环境暴露有关。然而，发展中国家的快速全球化、环境变化以及传染病的出现、传播、持续存在和严重程度尚不完全清楚。本研究旨在了解低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）中哪些环境毒物通常与传染病有关。
总共将检索四个电子数据库，包括通过 PubMed 的 MEDLINE、Scopus、Web of Science 和 CENTRAL（Cochrane 图书馆），以确定相关研究，并由两名独立评审员进行筛选。将使用 Cochrane 随机对照试验（RCTs）的偏倚风险（ROB）工具和非随机对照研究的 ROB 评估工具来评估 ROB。如果我们发现纳入的文章具有相似的环境暴露、参与者群体、研究设计和结果测量，则将使用荟萃分析来确定汇总效果。将提供研究结果的叙述性综合，并提供干预效果的摘要。将评估研究之间的异质性，并根据研究质量进行敏感性分析。
研究结果将总结在一篇单独的论文中。本综述试图探讨环境毒物在 LMICs 中易患、发展、持续和严重传染性疾病中的关键作用。本研究的结果将强调个别环境毒物对传染病结果的影响，以便早期预防和限制有毒暴露，为未来的策略指导个人、社区和职业健康政策。
PROSPERO 注册号：CRD42021274359。
