Luo Qiang, Hu Yilan, Chen Xin, Luo Yong, Chen Jie, Wang Han
Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.
Department of Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.
Front Nutr. 2022 Jun 20;9:899746. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.899746. eCollection 2022.
Previous observational studies have indicated that gut microbiota and metabolites may contribute to heart failure and its risk factors. However, with the limitation of reverse causality and confounder in observational studies, such relationship remains unclear. This study aims to reveal the causal effect of gut microbiota and metabolites on heart failure and its risk factors.
This study collected summary statistics regarding gut microbiota and metabolites, heart failure, diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, coronary heart disease, valvular heart disease, and myocarditis. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was performed using MR-Egger, inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-PRESSO, maximum likelihood, and weighted median.
Results from gene prediction showed that among all gut microbiota, , and were not associated with higher incidence of heart failure. However, genetic prediction suggested that for every 1 unit increase in concentration, the relative risk increased by 38.1% for myocarditis and 13.3% for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Besides, for every 1 unit increased in concentration, the relative risk of chronic kidney disease increased by 7.1%. As for intestinal metabolites, genetic prediction results suggested that for every 1 unit increase in betaine, the relative risk of heart failure and myocardial infarction increased by 1.4% and 1.7%, separately.
This study suggested new evidence of the relationship between gut microbiota and heart failure and its risk factors, which may shed light on designing microbiome- and microbiome-dependent metabolite interventions on heart failure and its risk factors in clinical trials in the future.
先前的观察性研究表明，肠道微生物群和代谢产物可能与心力衰竭及其危险因素有关。然而，由于观察性研究中存在反向因果关系和混杂因素的限制，这种关系仍不明确。本研究旨在揭示肠道微生物群和代谢产物对心力衰竭及其危险因素的因果效应。
本研究收集了有关肠道微生物群和代谢产物、心力衰竭、糖尿病、高血压、慢性肾脏病、心肌梗死、心房颤动、肥厚型心肌病、扩张型心肌病、冠心病、心脏瓣膜病和心肌炎的汇总统计数据。使用MR-Egger、逆方差加权（IVW）、MR-PRESSO、最大似然法和加权中位数进行两样本孟德尔随机化分析。
基因预测结果显示，在所有肠道微生物群中，[具体微生物群名称未给出]与心力衰竭的较高发病率无关。然而，基因预测表明，[具体代谢产物名称未给出]浓度每增加1个单位，心肌炎的相对风险增加38.1%，肥厚型心肌病的相对风险增加13.3%。此外，[具体代谢产物名称未给出]浓度每增加1个单位，慢性肾脏病的相对风险增加7.1%。至于肠道代谢产物，基因预测结果表明，甜菜碱浓度每增加1个单位，心力衰竭和心肌梗死的相对风险分别增加1.4%和1.7%。
本研究为肠道微生物群与心力衰竭及其危险因素之间的关系提供了新的证据，这可能为未来在临床试验中设计针对心力衰竭及其危险因素的微生物群和微生物群依赖性代谢产物干预措施提供线索。
