College of Business and Trade, Nanchang Institute of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330108, China.
School of Geography and Tourism, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China.
J Environ Public Health. 2022 Jun 28;2022:9554730. doi: 10.1155/2022/9554730. eCollection 2022.
Based on the SBM model including unexpected output, this paper studies the water resource utilization efficiency of 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2019. The study found that China's water resource utilization efficiency showed obvious provincial differences. The water resource utilization efficiency of most eastern coastal provinces was relatively high, and that of most central and western inland provinces was not high. There are also significant differences among the three regions of the East, the middle, and the West. The utilization efficiency of water resources in the East is the highest, followed by the middle, and the West is the lowest. The redundancy of input factors, such as labor, capital, and water consumption, is the main reason for the low efficiency of water resource utilization, and the redundancy of wastewater discharge also affects the efficiency of water resource utilization. The clustering results show that the utilization efficiency of water resources in most provinces of China is located in medium efficiency area and low efficiency area, and the efficiency needs to be improved. There are relatively few provinces in high-efficiency areas, highlighting that China's water resource utilization still faces severe challenges.
基于包括非期望产出的 SBM 模型，本文研究了 2003 年至 2019 年中国 30 个省份的水资源利用效率。研究发现，中国水资源利用效率呈现出明显的省份差异。大多数东部沿海省份的水资源利用效率相对较高，而大多数中部和西部内陆省份的效率不高。东部、中部和西部三个地区之间也存在显著差异。东部地区水资源利用效率最高，其次是中部地区，西部地区最低。劳动力、资本和用水量等投入要素的冗余是水资源利用效率低下的主要原因，而废水排放的冗余也会影响水资源利用效率。聚类结果表明，中国大多数省份的水资源利用效率处于中低效区，效率有待提高。高效区的省份相对较少，突出表明中国水资源利用仍面临严峻挑战。
