College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, No. 1 Daxue Road, University Science Park, Changqing District, Jinan 250358, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 11;20(2):1336. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20021336.
With economic expansion having moderated to a "new normal" pace, the eastern coastal provinces have been given a new historical task of high-quality development and become a window and frontier of China's high-quality development. By designing and optimizing an index system of high-quality development levels and using the entropy-TOPSIS method, the study selected 21 indicators, include economic vitality, residents' living standards, innovation efficiency and green development, and took China's eastern coastal provinces as an example to study the characteristics of spatial-temporal variations in the high-quality development level from 2010 to 2020. Then, the study used the obstacle degree model to explore the factors that are obstacles to high-quality development. The results show that the high-quality development of the eastern coastal provinces presents an "up-down-up" fluctuation, with an increase of 40.1%. In particular, the development level of the residents' living standards dimension is higher, and the high-quality development level of each province shows different degrees of growth and gradually tends to balanced development, with the high-quality development of Shanghai, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province in a dominant position. The spatial pattern of high-quality development in the study areas shows a spatial distribution pattern of "high in the east and low in the west, high in the north and low in the south", in which the bipolar spatial effect of the innovation efficiency dimension is becoming more and more prominent, while the regional synergistic development effect of the residents' living standard dimension is more obvious, and the high-quality development spatial pattern shows a "core-periphery" structure, and there is a path-dependent effect in time change, and agglomeration is produced by trickle-down effect in space. The obstacles to residents' living standards are high, and the main obstacle factor has gradually changed from insufficient output in innovation to a reduction in the scale of foreign trade. In addition, the problems of unreasonable industrial structure and shortage of per capita public cultural resources still exist. In provinces with a high-quality development level and a relatively developed economy, the biggest obstacle factors are economic vitality and residents' living standards. In provinces with a low level of high-quality development and a relatively backward economy, the biggest obstacle factors are green development and innovation efficiency, and there are both similarities and differences in the main obstacle factors among provinces.
随着经济增长放缓至“新常态”,东部沿海省份被赋予了高质量发展的新历史任务,成为中国高质量发展的窗口和前沿。本研究通过设计和优化高质量发展水平的指标体系,并采用熵权-TOPSIS 方法,选取了包括经济活力、居民生活水平、创新效率和绿色发展 21 项指标,以中国东部沿海省份为例,研究了 2010 年至 2020 年高质量发展水平的时空变化特征。然后,利用障碍度模型探讨了影响高质量发展的障碍因素。结果表明,东部沿海省份的高质量发展呈现“上下上”波动,增长了 40.1%。特别是居民生活水平维度的发展水平较高,且各省份的高质量发展水平均呈现不同程度的增长,逐渐趋于均衡发展,以上海市、江苏省和浙江省处于主导地位。研究区的高质量发展空间格局呈现“东高西低、北高南低”的空间分布格局,其中创新效率维度的两极空间效应日益突出,而居民生活水平维度的区域协同发展效应更为明显,高质量发展空间格局呈现“核心-边缘”结构,且在时间变化上存在路径依赖效应,在空间上通过涓滴效应产生集聚。居民生活水平的障碍程度较高,主要障碍因素已由创新产出不足逐渐转变为外贸规模缩减。此外,产业结构不合理和人均公共文化资源短缺等问题依然存在。在高质量发展水平较高、经济相对发达的省份,最大的障碍因素是经济活力和居民生活水平;在高质量发展水平较低、经济相对落后的省份,最大的障碍因素是绿色发展和创新效率,各省份的主要障碍因素既有相似之处,也有不同之处。