Kim Dongpil, Son Jung Eek
Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jun 21;13:938199. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.938199. eCollection 2022.
Supplemental interlighting is commonly used in modern greenhouses to improve light deficiency, but the light spectrum affects fruit quality and color change. This study aimed to analyze the effect of interlighting with red, blue, and additional far-red light on the fruit qualities and carotenoid contents of red and yellow sweet peppers ( L.). Three light treatments were applied: natural light (NL), NL with red + blue LED interlighting (71 μmol m s) (RB), and RB with far-red light (55 μmol m s) (RBFR). Ascorbic acid, free sugars, and individual carotenoid content were quantified with HPLC analysis. Fruits were sampled on 2020.11.14 (Group 1) and 2021.01.03 (Group 2) from the plants grown under average light intensities of 335.9 and 105.6 μmol m s, respectively. In the overall period, total yields in RB and RBFR were 22 and 33% higher than those in NL in red fruits and 2 and 21% higher in yellow fruits, respectively. In both colored fruits, ascorbic acid, total soluble sugar, and carotenoid content were higher in RB and RBFR than NL. In Group 1, ascorbic acid and total soluble sugar were significantly different between RB and RBFR only in red fruits. In Group 2, ascorbic acids in red and yellow fruits were 9 and 3% higher in RBFR than RB but total soluble sugars were 4 and 2% lower, respectively. Carotenoid contents in red and yellow fruits were 3.0- and 2.1-fold higher in RB and 2.0- and 1.4-fold higher in RBFR than those in NL, respectively. In this study, interlighting had a significant impact on fruit quality in Group 2, mainly due to the increase in the ratio of interlighting to total light by seasonal changes. In particular, red and yellow fruit yields were 9% and 19% higher in RBFR than RB, but carotenoid contents were 26 to 9% lower, respectively. This result exhibited that additional far-red lighting has a trade-off relationship between fruit yield and carotenoid content. Thus, it is necessary to provide an adequate light spectrum according to a specific cultivation purpose, such as improving yield or accumulating plastids in fruits.
在现代温室中，通常使用补光来改善光照不足的情况，但光谱会影响果实品质和颜色变化。本研究旨在分析红光、蓝光以及额外远红光补光对红甜椒和黄甜椒（L.）果实品质和类胡萝卜素含量的影响。设置了三种光照处理：自然光（NL）、添加红 + 蓝光发光二极管补光（71 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹）的自然光（RB）以及添加远红光（55 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹）的RB（RBFR）。通过高效液相色谱分析对抗坏血酸、游离糖和单个类胡萝卜素含量进行了定量测定。分别于2020年11月14日（第1组）和2021年1月3日（第2组）从平均光照强度分别为335.9和105.6 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹条件下生长的植株上采集果实。在整个时期内，RB和RBFR处理下红色果实的总产量分别比NL处理高22%和33%，黄色果实分别高2%和21%。在两种颜色的果实中，RB和RBFR处理下的抗坏血酸、总可溶性糖和类胡萝卜素含量均高于NL处理。在第1组中，仅红色果实的RB和RBFR处理之间抗坏血酸和总可溶性糖存在显著差异。在第2组中，RBFR处理下红色和黄色果实的抗坏血酸含量分别比RB处理高9%和3%，但总可溶性糖含量分别低4%和2%。红色和黄色果实的类胡萝卜素含量在RB处理下分别比NL处理高3.0倍和2.1倍，在RBFR处理下分别高2.0倍和1.4倍。在本研究中，补光对第2组果实品质有显著影响，主要是由于季节变化导致补光与总光照的比例增加。特别是，RBFR处理下红色和黄色果实的产量分别比RB处理高9%和19%，但类胡萝卜素含量分别低26%至9%。这一结果表明，额外的远红光补光在果实产量和类胡萝卜素含量之间存在权衡关系。因此，有必要根据特定的栽培目的，如提高产量或使果实中质体积累，提供合适的光谱。
