Burekovic Azra, Asimi Zelija Velija, Divanovic Anida, Halilovic Dzenana
Clinical Center of University in Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Faculty of Medicine, University in Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Mater Sociomed. 2022 Mar;34(1):4-7. doi: 10.5455/msm.2022.33.4-7.
COVID-19 infection has shown many complications on all organ systems, including the pancreas, during the acute phase of infection and in the post covid period.
Our goal was to compare the frequency of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in the Outpatient Clinic "Srce Sarajeva", in the year before COVID-19, 2019, and during the COVID-19 infection, in 2020 and 2021. Our second goal was to monitor the incidence of diabetes after COVID-19 infection, the time of onset after the acute phase of the disease, and treatment options for individual patients depending on the value of glucose.
The study was designed as a retrospective-prospective, with the consent of the Director of the Outpatient Clinic "Srce Sarajeva", and patient consent, in the period of January 2019 to December 2021. The study included 371 patients at the age between 18-70.
In 2020 and 2021 there was a significant difference in the number of patient diagnosed with diabetes who came for examination, compared to 2019. The number of new-onset diagnosed patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes was significantly higher in 2020 and 2021 compared to 2019. In 2020, out of five newly discovered type 1, 3 of them, with an average age of 23 (+/- 1-4), overcame COVID-19 infection, and diabetes was detected 3-4 weeks after overcoming COVID-19 infection. Of the 122 type 2 patients, 19 were newly diagnosed, 47 were of average age (+/- 2-6), 13 were COVID-19 infected, and diabetes was detected 4-6 weeks after infection. In 2021, out of 4 newly discovered type 1, 3 of them, with an average age of 22 (+/- 1-2), overcame COVID-19 infection, and diabetes was detected 2-3 weeks after overcoming COVID-19 infection. Of the 114 type 2 patients, 32 were newly diagnosed, 45 were of average age (+/- 2-6), 23 were COVID-19 infected, and diabetes was detected 6-8 weeks after infection.
COVID-19 infection adversely affects the pancreatic tissue leading to the clinical picture of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and all patients, especially those at high risk of developing the disease suggest blood sugar testing, 3-4 weeks after the acute phase of the disease, and earlier if they were on corticosteroid therapy.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）感染在感染急性期及感染后阶段，已在包括胰腺在内的所有器官系统表现出多种并发症。
我们的目标是比较2019年（COVID-19之前的年份）、2020年和2021年COVID-19感染期间，“萨拉热窝心脏”门诊中1型和2型糖尿病患者的频率。我们的第二个目标是监测COVID-19感染后糖尿病的发病率、疾病急性期后发病时间，以及根据血糖值为个体患者提供的治疗选择。
本研究经“萨拉热窝心脏”门诊主任同意及患者同意，设计为回顾性-前瞻性研究，研究时间为2019年1月至2021年12月。研究纳入了371名年龄在18至70岁之间患者。
与2019年相比，2020年和2021年来接受检查的确诊糖尿病患者数量存在显著差异。2020年和2021年新诊断的1型和2型糖尿病患者数量比2019年显著更高。2020年，在新发现的5例1型患者中，有3例平均年龄为23岁（±1-4岁），感染了COVID-19，在感染COVID-19后3-4周检测出糖尿病。在122例2型患者中，19例为新诊断，47例平均年龄（±2-6岁），13例感染了COVID-19，在感染后4-6周检测出糖尿病。2021年，在新发现的4例1型患者中，有3例平均年龄为22岁（±1-2岁），感染了COVID-19，在感染COVID-19后2-3周检测出糖尿病。在114例2型患者中，32例为新诊断，45例平均年龄（±2-6岁），23例感染了COVID-19，在感染后6-8周检测出糖尿病。
COVID-19感染对胰腺组织产生不利影响，导致1型和2型糖尿病的临床表现，所有患者，尤其是有患糖尿病高风险的患者，建议在疾病急性期后3-4周进行血糖检测，若正在接受皮质类固醇治疗则更早进行检测。
